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Factors associated with extrajudicial arrest for syringe possession: results of a department-wide survey of municipal police in Tijuana, Mexico.
Morales, Mario; Rafful, Claudia; Gaines, Tommi L; Cepeda, Javier A; Abramovitz, Daniela; Artamonova, Irina; Baker, Pieter; Clairgue, Erika; Mittal, Maria Luisa; Rocha-Jimenez, Teresita; Arredondo, Jaime; Kerr, Thomas; Bañuelos, Arnulfo; Strathdee, Steffanie A; Beletsky, Leo.
Afiliação
  • Morales M; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Rafful C; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Gaines TL; Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
  • Cepeda JA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Abramovitz D; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Artamonova I; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Baker P; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Clairgue E; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Mittal ML; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Rocha-Jimenez T; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Arredondo J; School of Medicine, Universidad Xochicalco, 4850 Calle Rampa Yumalinda, Chapultepec Alamar, 22110, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico.
  • Kerr T; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Bañuelos A; School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, California, 92182, USA.
  • Strathdee SA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, USA.
  • Beletsky L; School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, California, 92182, USA.
BMC Int Health Hum Rights ; 18(1): 36, 2018 09 15.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30219105
BACKGROUND: Mexican law permits syringe purchase and possession without prescription. Nonetheless, people who inject drugs (PWID) frequently report arrest for syringe possession. Extrajudicial arrests not only violate human rights, but also significantly increase the risk of blood-borne infection transmission and other health harms among PWID and police personnel. To better understand how police practices contribute to the PWID risk environment, prior research has primarily examined drug user perspectives and experiences. This study focuses on municipal police officers (MPOs) in Tijuana, Mexico to identify factors associated with self-reported arrests for syringe possession. METHODS: Participants were active police officers aged ≥18 years, who completed a self-administered questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to occupational safety, drug laws, and harm reduction strategies. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify correlates of recent syringe possession arrest. RESULTS: Among 1044 MPOs, nearly half (47.9%) reported always/sometimes making arrests for syringe possession (previous 6mo). Factors independently associated with more frequent arrest included being male (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.62; 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] =1.04-2.52; working in a district along Tijuana River Canal (where PWID congregate) (AOR = 2.85; 95%CI = 2.16-3.77); having recently experienced a physical altercation with PWID (AOR = 2.83; 95% CI = 2.15-3.74); and having recently referred PWID to social and health services (AOR = 1.97; 95% CI = 1.48-2.61). Conversely, odds were significantly lower among officers reporting knowing that syringe possession is legal (AOR = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.46-0.82). CONCLUSIONS: Police and related criminal justice stakeholders (e.g., municipal judges, prosecutors) play a key role in shaping PWID risk environment. Findings highlight the urgent need for structural interventions to reduce extra-judicial syringe possession arrests. Police training, increasing gender and other forms of diversity, and policy reforms at various governmental and institutional levels are necessary to reduce police occupational risks, improve knowledge of drug laws, and facilitate harm reduction strategies that promote human rights and community health.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Seringas / Polícia / Direito Penal / Direitos Humanos Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude / Equity_inequality Limite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male País/Região como assunto: Mexico Idioma: En Revista: BMC Int Health Hum Rights Ano de publicação: 2018 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos País de publicação: Reino Unido

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Seringas / Polícia / Direito Penal / Direitos Humanos Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude / Equity_inequality Limite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male País/Região como assunto: Mexico Idioma: En Revista: BMC Int Health Hum Rights Ano de publicação: 2018 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos País de publicação: Reino Unido