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New deep-sea species of Xenoturbella and the position of Xenacoelomorpha.
Rouse, Greg W; Wilson, Nerida G; Carvajal, Jose I; Vrijenhoek, Robert C.
Afiliação
  • Rouse GW; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
  • Wilson NG; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
  • Carvajal JI; Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, Western Australia 6986, Australia.
  • Vrijenhoek RC; School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Nature ; 530(7588): 94-7, 2016 Feb 04.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26842060
The discovery of four new Xenoturbella species from deep waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean is reported here. The genus and two nominal species were described from the west coast of Sweden, but their taxonomic placement remains unstable. Limited evidence placed Xenoturbella with molluscs, but the tissues can be contaminated with prey. They were then considered deuterostomes. Further taxon sampling and analysis have grouped Xenoturbella with acoelomorphs (=Xenacoelomorpha) as sister to all other Bilateria (=Nephrozoa), or placed Xenacoelomorpha inside Deuterostomia with Ambulacraria (Hemichordata + Echinodermata). Here we describe four new species of Xenoturbella and reassess those hypotheses. A large species (>20 cm long) was found at cold-water hydrocarbon seeps at 2,890 m depth in Monterey Canyon and at 1,722 m in the Gulf of California (Mexico). A second large species (~10 cm long) also occurred at 1,722 m in the Gulf of California. The third large species (~15 cm long) was found at ~3,700 m depth near a newly discovered carbonate-hosted hydrothermal vent in the Gulf of California. Finally, a small species (~2.5 cm long), found near a whale carcass at 631 m depth in Monterey Submarine Canyon (California), resembles the two nominal species from Sweden. Analysis of whole mitochondrial genomes places the three larger species as a sister clade to the smaller Atlantic and Pacific species. Phylogenomic analyses of transcriptomic sequences support placement of Xenacoelomorpha as sister to Nephrozoa or Protostomia.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Filogenia / Organismos Aquáticos Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies Limite: Animals País/Região como assunto: Europa / Mexico Idioma: En Revista: Nature Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos País de publicação: Reino Unido

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Filogenia / Organismos Aquáticos Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies Limite: Animals País/Região como assunto: Europa / Mexico Idioma: En Revista: Nature Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos País de publicação: Reino Unido