HIV and HTLV-I infections in the Americas: a regional perspective.
Medicine (Baltimore)
; 68(4): 189-209, 1989 Jul.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-2544782
ABSTRACT
PIP: The article describes in detail the extent and nature of HIV and HTLV-1 infections, and AIDS in the Americas. Surveillance statistics are provided for general populations, homosexual and bisexual men, IV-drug users, female prostitutes, hemophiliacs, heterosexual partners of HIV-infected persons, blood donors, and pregnant women. As of publication, over 100,862 AIDS cases have been reported in the region, with indigenous transmission documented in 45-46 countries. Clinical manifestations of HIV infection and AIDS are discussed. North America claims the highest annual AIDS cases per population at 72/million, while the Caribbean subregion has a disproportionately high number of cases, with annual rates reaching 200-300/million for some countries. The temporal rate of increase of AIDS cases has, however, been fundamentally comparable for all countries of the Americas. While HIV transmission modes are the same throughout the region, increasingly lower male-female ratios of AIDS cases, and more cases of perinatal transmission especially in Caribbean countries. Diarrheal disease, respiratory infections, and tuberculosis have also been documented as associated with HIV infection in many tropical countries of the Americas. Further, relatively high rates of HTLV-1 infection in the Caribbean will only exacerbate already significant public health problems faced by some countries of the region. Should HIV continue infiltrating poor, disadvantaged populations of Latin America and the Caribbean, HIV infection levels and AIDS could reach epidemic proportions similar to that witnesses in Africa.
Palavras-chave
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Americas; Behavior; Brazil; Canada; Caribbean; Central America; Data Aggregation; Demographic Factors; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Diarrhea; Diseases; Drug Addiction; Economic Factors; Epidemics; Haiti; Heterosexuals; Hiv Infections; Homosexuals; Infections; Jamaica; Latin America; Mexico; North America; Northern America; Population; Population At Risk; Population Characteristics; Poverty; Pregnancy; Prostitutes--women; Reproduction; Reproductive Tract Infections; Research Methodology; Sex Behavior; Sex Factors; Sexually Transmitted Diseases--transmission; Social Problems; Socioeconomic Factors; South America; Substance Addiction; Summary Report; Tuberculosis; United States; Viral Diseases
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções por HTLV-I
/
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida
Tipo de estudo:
Screening_studies
Limite:
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
America central
/
America do norte
/
America do sul
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Medicine (Baltimore)
Ano de publicação:
1989
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de publicação:
Estados Unidos