Duration of local violations of the second law of thermodynamics along single trajectories in phase space.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys
; 89(2): 022116, 2014 Feb.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25353431
We define the violation fraction ν as the cumulative fraction of time that the entropy change is negative during single realizations of processes in phase space. This quantity depends on both the number of degrees of freedom N and the duration of the time interval τ. In the large-τ and large-N limit we show that, for ergodic and microreversible systems, the mean value of ν scales as ãν(N,τ)ã â¼ (τN(1/1+α))(-1). The exponent α is positive and generally depends on the protocol for the external driving forces, being α = 1 for a constant drive. As an example, we study a nontrivial model where the fluctuations of the entropy production are non-Gaussian: an elastic line driven at a constant rate by an anharmonic trap. In this case we show that the scaling of ãνã with N and τ agrees with our result. Finally, we discuss how this scaling law may break down in the vicinity of a continuous phase transition.
Buscar no Google
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys
Assunto da revista:
BIOFISICA
/
FISIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Argentina
País de publicação:
Estados Unidos