Long term effect of infection control practices and associated factors during a major Clostridium difficile outbreak in Costa Rica.
J Infect Dev Ctries
; 7(12): 914-21, 2013 Dec 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24334937
INTRODUCTION: The C. difficile BI/NAP 1 hyper virulent strain has been responsible for the nosocomial outbreaks in several countries. The present study describes the infection control strategies utilized to achieve outbreak control as well as the factors associated with a C. difficile BI/NAP 1 hyper virulent strain outbreak in Costa Rica. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive analysis of the C. difficile outbreak was completed for the period of January 2007 to December 2010 in one affected hospital. An unmatched case-control study was subsequently performed to evaluate the association of exposure factors with C. difficile infection. RESULTS: The pattern of the outbreak was characterized by a sharp increase in the incidence rate during the initial weeks of the outbreak, which was followed by a reduction in the incidence curve as several infection control measures were implemented. The C. difficile BI/NAP1 infection was associated with the prescription of antibiotics, in particular levofloxacin (OR: 9.3; 95%CI: 2.1-40.2), meropenem (OR: 4.9, 95%CI: 1.0-22.9), cefotaxime (OR: 4.3, 95%CI: 2.4-7.7), as well as a medical history of diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.9, 95%CI: 1.5-5.8). CONCLUSIONS: The infection control strategies implemented proved to be effective in achieving outbreak control and in maintaining the baseline C. difficile incidence rate following it. The reported C. difficile outbreak was associated with the prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics and a medical history of diabetes.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Tempo
/
Infecção Hospitalar
/
Surtos de Doenças
/
Clostridioides difficile
/
Controle de Infecções
/
Infecções por Clostridium
Tipo de estudo:
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
America central
/
Costa rica
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Infect Dev Ctries
Assunto da revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Costa Rica
País de publicação:
Itália