Modulation of stress consequences by hippocampal monoaminergic, glutamatergic and nitrergic neurotransmitter systems.
Stress
; 10(3): 227-49, 2007 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-17613938
Several findings relate the hippocampal formation to the behavioural consequences of stress. It contains a high concentration of corticoid receptors and undergoes plastic modifications, including decreased neurogenesis and cellular remodelling, following stress exposure. Various major neurotransmitter systems in the hippocampus are involved in these effects. Serotonin (5-HT) seems to exert a protective role in the hippocampus and attenuates the behavioural consequences of stress by activating 5-HT1A receptors in this structure. These effects may mediate the therapeutic actions of several antidepressants. The role of noradrenaline is less clear and possibly depends on the specific hippocampal region (dorsal vs. ventral). The deleterious modifications induced in the hippocampus by stress might involve a decrease in neurotrophic factors such as brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) following glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation. In addition to glutamate, nitric oxide (NO) could also be related to these effects. Systemic and intra-hippocampal administration of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors attenuates stress-induced behavioural consequences. The challenge for the future will be to integrate results related to these different neurotransmitter systems in a unifying theory about the role of the hippocampus in mood regulation, depressive disorder and antidepressant effects.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Estresse Psicológico
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Monoaminas Biogênicas
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Ácido Glutâmico
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Neurônios Nitrérgicos
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Hipocampo
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Neurônios
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Óxido Nítrico
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Stress
Assunto da revista:
NEUROLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2007
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Brasil
País de publicação:
Reino Unido