Worldwide variations in the lifetime probability of reproductive cancer in women: implications of best-case, worst-case, and likely-case assumptions about the effect of oral contraceptive use.
Contraception
; 45(2): 93-104, 1992 Feb.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-1559340
ABSTRACT
PIP: Researchers applied published data on cancer incidence and age specific mortality to standard life table techniques to estimate the lifetime probability of developing reproductive cancer for women living in countries representative of 3 patters of risk of reproductive cancer and for long term oral contraceptives (OC) users under best case, worst case, and likely case assumptions. The reproductive cancers included breast, ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers. The data consisted of urban women from China, Japan, United States (California), England, Wales, Costa Rica, and Colombia. Under the likely case assumption, OCs just barely reduced or increased the lifetime probability of any reproductive cancer in any setting. Further, under the worst case scenario, OCs increased the lifetime probability or reproductive cancer moderately in countries with low cancer rates (Asian countries) and in countries with high rates of breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer (Western Europe, North America, and Australia). Yet in countries with high cervical rates (South and Central America), OC use significantly affected the lifetime probability of reproductive cancer. The best case scenario revealed that OCs decreased lifetime probability of reproductive cancer in each country, especially those countries where endometrial and ovarian cancer incidences were great. The analysis also showed that OC use has the greatest effect on lifetime probability of reproductive cancer, be it positive or negative, in countries with high underlying rates of reproductive cancer. Further it demonstrated that the effect of OC use will most likely be small in countries with low incidence of reproductive cancers. Overall the researchers felt reassured about OC use and reproductive cancer. Even though long term OC use increases the risk of breast cancer in young ages.
Palavras-chave
Age Specific Death Rate; Americas; Asia; Breast Cancer; California; Cancer; Central America; Cervical Cancer; China; Colombia; Comparative Studies; Contraception; Contraceptive Methods; Costa Rica; Cross-cultural Comparisons; Death Rate; Demographic Analysis; Demographic Factors; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Diseases; Eastern Asia; Endometrial Cancer; England; Europe; Family Planning; Incidence; Japan; Latin America; Life Table Method; Life Tables; Measurement; Methodological Studies; Mortality; Neoplasms; North America; Northern America; Northern Europe; Oral Contraceptives; Ovarian Cancer; Population; Population Characteristics; Population Dynamics; Research Methodology; South America; Studies; United Kingdom; United States; Urban Population--women; Wales
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Neoplasias Ovarianas
/
Neoplasias da Mama
/
Neoplasias do Colo do Útero
/
Neoplasias do Endométrio
/
Anticoncepcionais Orais
Tipo de estudo:
Incidence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Aged
/
Aged80
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
America do sul
/
Asia
/
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Contraception
Ano de publicação:
1992
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de publicação:
Estados Unidos