Nutritional status of Brazilian children: trends from 1975 to 1989.
Bull World Health Organ
; 70(5): 657-66, 1992.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-1464153
ABSTRACT
PIP: Nutritionists used 2 surveys (1975 and 1989) to determine the trends in the nutritional status of children 5 years old in Brazil. Malnutrition rates fell by 61.4% between 1975 and 1989 (18.4% vs. 7.1%). Improvements in child nutrition occurred countrywide, but they were less in the North and the Northeast (56.7% and 52.6% respectively) than in the other regions (69.2%-78.6%). In fact, the gap between these regions and the other regions was wider in 1989 than it was in 1975 (e.g., prevalence ratio between the Northeast and the South, 2.5 in 1975 and 5 in 1989). In the Southeast and the South, nutrition improvement occurred basically equally for rural and urban children, but the percentage of rural malnourished children was still higher than it was for urban malnourished children (6.2% vs. 3.7% and 3% vs. 2.1% respectively). In the Northeast, rural children suffered more relative excess malnutrition in 1989 than they did in 1975. A sizable reduction in childhood malnutrition prevalence rates occurred in all 4 income groups, but the poorest children benefited the least (55.6% vs. 77% for the richest group). Since children most affected by malnutrition in the 1970s (i.e., children from the North and Northeast and the poor) gained the least, regional and socioeconomic differences in the prevalence of malnutrition expanded between 1975 and 1989. Modest increases in income linked to considerable expansion of sanitation, health, and education services and of preschool supplementary feeding programs were most likely responsible for nutritional improvement. In addition, fertility rates fell (5.8-3) during this period. Improvement was largely restricted to the 1970s, however. After 1980, little or no improvement occurred. Little hope for economic recovery, continued economic inequalities, and reduced spending on social programs indicated a stagnant situation for the 1990s.
Palavras-chave
Americas; Brazil; Child Nutrition--changes; Delivery Of Health Care; Demographic Factors; Developing Countries; Diseases; Economic Factors; Economics; Health; Health Services; Inequalities; Latin America; Malnutrition--determinants; Nutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutrition Programs; Nutrition Surveys; Population; Population Characteristics; Primary Health Care; Research Report; Rural Population; Social Sciences; Socioeconomic Factors; South America; Urban Population
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos da Nutrição do Lactente
/
Inquéritos Nutricionais
/
Estado Nutricional
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Child, preschool
/
Humans
/
Infant
País/Região como assunto:
America do sul
/
Brasil
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Bull World Health Organ
Ano de publicação:
1992
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Brasil
País de publicação:
Suíça