Poliomyelitis case confirmation: characteristics for use by national eradication programmes.
Bull World Health Organ
; 70(1): 79-84, 1992.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-1314710
ABSTRACT
PIP: In Sao Paulo, Brazil, physicians followed 85 full term, healthy, breast fed infants born between March 1986-September 1988 monthly for 1 year to compare their immunologic response to immunization with trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (TOPV). They either received doses 1 day after birth and at 2, 4, and 9 months (group A) or at 2, 4, and 6 months (group B). They analyzed blood samples from the mother at childbirth, from the umbilical cord, and from the infant at 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months to measure poliovirus neutralizing antibodies. All but 1 infant had passively transferred antibodies at birth. Group A had higher polio antibodies during the 1st few months, greater seropositivity, and a lower proportion of susceptible infants than group B. In fact, at the end of 12 months, only 3.7% of infants in group A were susceptible to all 3 poliovirus types compared to 25.9% in group B. Seroconversion rates were considerably higher in group A infants from the 3rd dose forward (96.3-100%) than for those in group B (74.1-100%). The response for polioviruses 1 and 2 were essentially the same in both groups at 12 months (96.3-100%). The immunological response to poliovirus type 3 in group A was superior to that of group B at the end of 1 year (96.3% vs. 74.1%), however. Yet group B infants received their 1st dose of the vaccine at 2 months with a higher level of poliovirus 3 type (500,000 TCID50/dose) than group A infants received at birth (300,000 TCID50/dose). Thus immunization of newborns with TOPV provided more protection against polio than a higher vaccine concentration administered to infants beginning at months. This finding is especially relevant since polio type 3 was responsible for the polio outbreak in 1986 in northern Brazil.
Palavras-chave
Age Factors; Americas; Antibodies; Biology; Brazil; Clinical Research; Comparative Studies; Delivery Of Health Care; Demographic Factors; Developing Countries; Diseases; Examinations And Diagnoses; Follow-up Studies; Health; Health Services; Hematologic Tests; Immunity; Immunity, Active; Immunization; Immunologic Factors; Infant; Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses; Laboratory Procedures; Latin America; Methodological Studies; Physiology; Population; Population Characteristics; Primary Health Care; Research Methodology; South America; Studies; Vaccines; Viral Diseases--prevention and control; Youth
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Poliomielite
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Humans
/
Infant
País/Região como assunto:
America do sul
/
Brasil
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Bull World Health Organ
Ano de publicação:
1992
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Nepal
País de publicação:
Suíça