PIP: In August 1994, the National Advisory Commission for Vaccination of Uruguay recommended that the vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) should be incorporated into the Expanded Program of Immunization vaccination schedule, as follows: 1) newborns should receive the first dose at 2 months, a second and a third dose (to be administered simultaneously with the DPT and the OPV vaccines) at 4 and 6 months, respectively, and a booster between 12 and 15 months; 2) children between the ages of 7 and 11 months should receive 2 doses at intervals of at least 2 months, and a booster between 12 and 15 months (not within 2 months of the date of the last dose); and 3) children 12 months and older should receive 1 dose only. 90,000 doses of vaccine were administered to children less than 1 year old; the cohort numbers approximately 50,000. 130,000 doses were administered to children 1-4 years old. This resulted in a 100% reduction in the number of meningitis cases due to Hib in 1996; 1 reported case was in a non-immunized child. In 1995, 5 cases were reported; only 1 of these was adequately vaccinated with 3 doses of Hib vaccine. During a 1996 epidemiological surveillance study of respiratory infections in children under 5 years old at 2 reference hospitals in Montevideo, no Hib was isolated from 520 reported cases. A histogram plots the number of cases of meningitis due to Hib per month for 1993, 1994, and 1995; the point where vaccination began, August 29, 1994, is marked. Prior to vaccination the number of cases per month cycled, with the highest number occurring during August (7 in 1993, 10 in 1994); after October 1994, the number remained at zero or 1 throughout the year.^ieng