PIP: The rapid increase, in recent years, of fertility in Cuba has come to the attention of a number of experts. Fertility has dropped even below that of the majority of European socialist countries. This is due to the significance of fertility as a demographic variant in processes occurring in the population and to its socioeconomic conditioning. This study fits into the framework of this subject. However, it departs somewhat from the traditional approach when it attempts to convey information on the above mentioned phenomenon based on the male sex. It is important to remember that the man is still very much decisive in the couple's fertility decisions. The sugar harvest allowed the authors to collect data based on a previously drafted interview outline from 60% of young workers mobilized to that area. Thus there were a series of socioeconomic factors directly or indirectly influencing reproductive behavior of these workers. These included income, schooling, housing problems, etc. The majority of these men have only 1 child and do not wish to have more for the present despite the fact that they have been married for 3 1/2 years. In addition, for those who decide to have more children, the interval between the 1st and 2nd birth was longer than the protogenesic 1. We also found that the average of single men analyzed (22 years) is slightly higher than that of men currently married. There is the slight suggestion of postponement of marriage and consequently of children. Regardless of the logical limitations of the survey, it does provide a series of ideas on how to solve the problem in addition to providing some information on factors which in 1 way or another influence Cuban fertility presently. (author's)^ieng