Cytotoxicity of chlorhexidine digluconate to murine macrophages and its effect on hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide induction
Rev. bras. pesqui. méd. biol
; Braz. j. med. biol. res;37(2): 207-212, Feb. 2004. tab, graf
Article
em En
| LILACS
| ID: lil-354179
Biblioteca responsável:
BR1.1
ABSTRACT
Chlorhexidine, even at low concentrations, is toxic for a variety of eukaryotic cells; however, its effects on host immune cells are not well known. We evaluated in vitro chlorhexidine-induced cytotoxicity and its effects on reactive oxygen/nitrogen intermediate induction by murine peritoneal macrophages. Thioglycollate-induced cells were obtained from Swiss mice by peritoneal lavage with 5 ml of 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline, washed twice and resuspended (10(6) cells/ml) in appropriate medium for each test. Cell preparations contained more than 95 percent macrophages. The cytotoxicity was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay and the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) by the horseradish peroxidase-dependent oxidation of phenol red and Griess reaction, respectively. The midpoint cytotoxicity values for 1- and 24-h exposures were 61.12 ± 2.46 and 21.22 ± 2.44 æg/ml, respectively. Chlorhexidine did not induce synthesis or liberation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen intermediates. When macrophages were treated with various sub-toxic doses for 1 h (1, 5, 10, and 20 æg/ml) and 24 h (0.5, 1, and 5 æg/ml) and stimulated with 200 nM phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) solution, the H2O2 production was not altered; however, the NO production induced by 10 æg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) solution varied from 14.47 ± 1.46 to 22.35 ± 1.94 æmol/l and 13.50 ± 1.42 to 20.44 ± 1.40 æmol/l (N = 5). The results showed that chlorhexidine has no immunostimulating activity and sub-toxic concentrations did not affect the response of macrophages to the soluble stimulus PMA but can interfere with the receptor-dependent stimulus LPS.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
LILACS
Assunto principal:
Clorexidina
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Macrófagos Peritoneais
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Peróxido de Hidrogênio
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Anti-Infecciosos
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Óxido Nítrico
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Braz. j. med. biol. res
/
Rev. bras. pesqui. méd. biol
Assunto da revista:
BIOLOGIA
/
MEDICINA
Ano de publicação:
2004
Tipo de documento:
Article
/
Project document
País de afiliação:
Brasil
País de publicação:
Brasil