Objective:To understand the expression levels of γδT cells and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of HIV-infected/AIDS patients, and explore the correlation and possible relationship between γδT cells and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in the progression of HIV infection/AIDS Mechanism. Methods:Immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody labeling technology and flow cytometry were used to detect 12 cases of AIDS, 19 cases of intermediate HIV infection, 15 cases of early HIV infection, and 30 cases of healthy physical examination in peripheral blood CD3 + T cells and CD4 + The expression levels of T cells, CD8 + T cells, γδT cells, CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells; Pearson was used to analyze the correlation between γδT cells and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells. Results:The expression (Mean± SD, %) of γδT cells in the peripheral blood of the AIDS group, the mid-stage HIV infection group, the early HIV infection group and the healthy control group were: 4.46±1.37, 3.59±0.67, 3.12±0.33, 1.73±0.36, group The time ratio, F=6.091, P=0.018. The expression (Mean± SD, %) of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of the AIDS group, the mid-stage HIV infection group, the early HIV infection group, and the healthy control group were: 10.28±1.94, 7.37±1.03, 6.68±0.58, 4.03±0.82, ratio between groups, F=13.568, P=0.002. The comparison of γδT and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells among the four groups is statistically significant, AIDS group>HIV mid-infection group>HIV early infection group>control group. In terms of correlation, γδT, CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells are negatively correlated with CD4 + T cells ( r value are -0.982, -0.712, P value are 0.001, 0.002, respectively), and positively correlated with CD8 + T cell counts ( r value are 0.873 , 0.809, P value are 0.000 and 0.000 respectively); γδT cells are positively correlated with CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells ( r=0.911, P=0.000). Conclusions:HIV infection induces the proliferation of γδT cells and CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells, both of which participate in the immune response caused by HIV infection. γδT cells are positively correlated with CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells, and the two may have a synergistic effect.