Objective To analyze the Oxford classification (MESTC) and the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC) classification for evaluating the clinical manifestations,histological lesion and short-term prognosis of children with Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura nephritis (HSPN).Methods According to the Oxford classification and ISKDC classification,the histological lesions of children with HSPN diagnosed by renal biopsy from Beijing Children's Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2018 to December 2018 were re-evaluated.The renal biopsy specimens of the selected subjects were scored according to the Oxford classification and the ISKDC classification.According to whether the first symptom was combined with renal performance,MESTC score and ISKDC classification,children were grouped.The differences in clinicopathological manifestations between the groups were compared.Correlation between MESTC and ISKDC grades was analyzed by nonparametric test rank correlation.Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Log-rank test were used to compare the difference of proteinuria remission rate between the two groups.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression equations were used to analyze the influencing factors of the proteinuria remission rate.Results A total of 78 children with HSPN were enrolled.There were 37 male patients (47.4％) with age of (10.4+2.9) years.When the patients were divided according to MESTC scores and ISKDC classification,the results showed that the proportion of children with nephrotic-range proteinuria in the group of endocapillary hypercellularity (E1,P=0.008),segmental glomerulosclerosis (S1,P=0.015) and ISKDC Ⅲ (P=0.041) was higher than that of E0,S0 and ISKDC Ⅱ groups.The proportion of children with E1 (P=0.015),crescents (C1&C2,P=0.025) or ISKDC Ⅲ (P=0.017) that had been treated with high-dose methylprednisolone was higher.The result of Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed more difficult for proteinuria remission in children with C2 are than C0&C1 group (P=0.026),while no difference were found when children were grouped by M,E,S,T and ISKDC.Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the C2 (HR=0.143,95％C1 0.020-1.046,P=0.055) might be a risk factor for proteinuria remission,while the P value was close to 0.05.Conclusions Children with HSPN scored as ISKDC Ⅲ,E1 and S1 are more likely to show nephrotic-range proteinuria.C2 may indicate that patients are more difficult to achieve proteinuria remission.