Objective To explore the main characteristics and influencing factors of military pharmacy postgraduates' creative ability,providing the basis for the creative ability training and education management of military pharmacy postgraduate students.Methods Full-time graduate students of three military medical colleges and universities were participated in this study,and questionnaire survey was carried out on 428 military pharmacy postgraduates by cluster random sampling.SPSS 16.0 was used to process descriptive analysis,t-test,F-test,correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis for data analysis.Results The creative ability of military pharmacy postgraduates is better than average (the median is 3),and the ability to construct knowledge was significantly higher than that of finding problems,solving problems and the ability of improvement and transformation (F=39.024,P＜0.001).The creative ability of doctoral students in grade three was higher than that of the master students in all grades (F=2.602,P＜0.05).The extrinsic motivation was significantly higher than intrinsic motivation (t=4.327,P＜0.001),and the interaction between teachers and students was significantly higher than that among students them-selves (t=6.755,P＜0.001).On the institutional category,it showed statistically significant in the training concept,the training subject,the training condition,the intrinsic motivation,the interaction between teachers and students,and the interaction among students themselves (t=-1.962,P＜0.05;t=2.697,P＜0.01;t=-2.593,P＜0.01;t=2.938,P＜0.01;t=4.595,P＜0.001;t=2.984,P＜0.01).The significant predictive effects on improving the creative ability of military pharmacy postgraduates were shown by training concept,training methods,academic atmosphere,intrinsic motivation,interaction between teachers and students,and the interaction among students themselves (F=48.711,P＜0.001).Conclusion The creative ability of military pharmacy postgraduates is in the middle level,and the important influencing factors lie in themselves and schools.The education departments should construct the innovation ability training model from the concept of innovation training,teaching methods,scientific research team,atmosphere of innovation,incentive mechanism and other aspects.