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ISG15-dependent Activation of the RNA Sensor MDA5 and its Antagonism by the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease
GuanQun Liu; Jung-Hyun Lee; Zachary M Parker; Dhiraj Acharya; Jessica J Chiang; Michiel van Gent; William Riedl; Meredith E Davis-Gardner; Effi Wies; Cindy Chiang; Michaela U Gack.
Afiliación
  • GuanQun Liu; Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic
  • Jung-Hyun Lee; Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic
  • Zachary M Parker; University of Chicago
  • Dhiraj Acharya; Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic
  • Jessica J Chiang; Harvard University
  • Michiel van Gent; Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic
  • William Riedl; Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic
  • Meredith E Davis-Gardner; Emory University
  • Effi Wies; Harvard University
  • Cindy Chiang; Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic
  • Michaela U Gack; Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic
Preprint en En | PREPRINT-BIORXIV | ID: ppbiorxiv-356048
ABSTRACT
Activation of the RIG-I-like receptors, RIG-I and MDA5, establishes an antiviral state by upregulating interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs). Among these is ISG15 whose mechanistic roles in innate immunity still remain enigmatic. Here we report that ISGylation is essential for antiviral IFN responses mediated by the viral RNA sensor MDA5. ISG15 conjugation to the caspase activation and recruitment domains of MDA5 promotes the formation of higher-order assemblies of MDA5 and thereby triggers activation of innate immunity against a range of viruses including coronaviruses, flaviviruses and picornaviruses. The ISG15-dependent activation of MDA5 is antagonized through direct de-ISGylation mediated by the papain-like protease (PLpro) of SARS-CoV-2, a recently emerged coronavirus that causes the COVID-19 pandemic. Our work demonstrates a crucial role for ISG15 in the MDA5-mediated antiviral response, and also identifies a novel immune evasion mechanism of SARS-CoV-2, which may be targeted for the development of new antivirals and vaccines to combat COVID-19.
Licencia
cc_by_nc_nd
Texto completo: 1 Colección: 09-preprints Base de datos: PREPRINT-BIORXIV Idioma: En Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Preprint
Texto completo: 1 Colección: 09-preprints Base de datos: PREPRINT-BIORXIV Idioma: En Año: 2020 Tipo del documento: Preprint