Interactions between the components of the human NADPH oxidase: a review about the intrigues in the phox family.

Leusen, J H; Verhoeven, A J; Roos, D

Leusen, J H; Verhoeven, A J; Roos, D.

Afiliación

Leusen JH; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Front Biosci ; 1: d72-90, 1996 Jul 01.

Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9159214

RESUMEN

When microorganisms invade the body, they encounter a large asssortment of defense mechanisms. Among these, phagocytes play an important role in the process of killing pathogens. This event is mediated by two important processes, viz. activation of the NADPH oxidase enzyme, which leads to the production of toxic oxygen metabolites, and fusion of intracellular granules with the phagosome (the vesicle that contains the ingested micro-organisms), which causes release of the toxic granule contents into this vesicle. The human NADPH oxidase is a very complex enzyme, in two ways: 1. it exists of at least 6 components: cytochrome b558 (a heterodimer comprised of gp91-phox and p22-phox), p47-phox, p67-phox, p40-phox, rac and Rap1A, and 2. there are multiple signal transduction pathways leading to activation of the NADPH oxidase. The most likely reason for this complexity is the toxicity of the oxygen radicals produced by the active NADPH oxidase; these compounds are not only harmful to the invading pathogens, but also to the surrounding tissues. This latter effect is enforced by the activation of metalloproteases released by neutrophils and by oxidation of protease inhibitors by oxygen metabolites. Therefore, an improper activation of the NADPH oxidase must be prevented at all costs and, when the infection has been cleared, a rapid deactivation mechanism is imperative. In this review, the interaction between the different components of the NADPH oxidase and the activation of these proteins will be discussed.

Asunto(s)

NADPH Oxidasas/metabolismo; Secuencia de Aminoácidos; Animales; Grupo Citocromo b/genética; Grupo Citocromo b/metabolismo; Activación Enzimática; Enfermedad Granulomatosa Crónica/enzimología; Enfermedad Granulomatosa Crónica/patología; Humanos; Modelos Biológicos; Datos de Secuencia Molecular; NADPH Oxidasas/genética; Fagocitosis; Fosfoproteínas/genética; Fosfoproteínas/metabolismo; Unión Proteica; Proteínas de Unión al GTP rac/genética; Proteínas de Unión al GTP rac/metabolismo; Proteínas de Unión al GTP rap1/genética; Proteínas de Unión al GTP rap1/metabolismo

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Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: NADPH Oxidasas Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies Límite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Front Biosci Asunto de la revista: BIOLOGIA Año: 1996 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Países Bajos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos

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