Bacteriology and sensitivity patterns of pyogenic meningitis at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
East Afr Med J
; 72(10): 658-60, 1995 Oct.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-8904047
ABSTRACT
PIP: A total of 92 patients (52 adults and 40 children) admitted to Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya, with pyogenic meningitis were enrolled in a descriptive cross-sectional analysis of the bacteriology and sensitivity factors associated with this disease. In 75 cases (82%), cerebrospinal fluid cultures were bacteriologically positive. Common isolates included Streptococcus pneumoniae (45%), Neisseria meningitidis (14%), and Haemophilus influenzae (12%). Although all 3 of these isolates were responsive to chloramphenicol, 7% of Streptococcus pneumoniae and 15% of Neisseria menigitidis isolates were resistant to crystalline penicillin and 27% of Haemophilus influenzae isolates were resistant to ampicillin. Sensitivity of these 3 organisms to the third-generation cephalosporins (ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone), a second-generation cephalosporin (cefuroxime), and augmentin was almost 100%; however, their use is limited by cost. On the basis of these findings, it is recommended that chloramphenicol and crystalline penicillin or ampicillin be initial blind therapy for adults and older children with pyogenic meningitis, while ampicillin and chloramphenicol should be used in preschool children.
Palabras clave
Buscar en Google
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Meningitis Criptocócica
/
Meningitis Bacterianas
/
Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Humans
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
East Afr Med J
Año:
1995
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Kenia
Pais de publicación:
Kenia