Extraction optimisation and characterisation of Artocarpus integer peel pectin by malonic acid-based deep eutectic solvents using response surface methodology.
Int J Biol Macromol
; : 135737, 2024 Sep 16.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39293618
ABSTRACT
Traditional pectin extraction methods involve strong acids, which are environmentally harmful. This study explores an innovative approach using Malonic Acid (MA)-based Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) to extract pectin from Artocarpus integer Peel (AIPP), optimised through Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The extracted AIPP-A and AIPP-B from ChCl-MA and ChDHCit-MA DES, respectively, were characterised for yield, pH, solubility, Degree of Esterification (DE), Water and Oil Holding Capacity (WHC and OHC). The experimental values aligned with RSM model predictions, with low standard deviations 0.7300 for ChCl-MA and 0.1531 for ChDHCit-MA. Optimal extraction conditions for AIPP-A were 3.27â¯% ChCl-MA, 1.28â¯h extraction time, 50.44⯰C temperature, and a 140â¯g/mL solid-to-liquid ratio. For AIPP-B, the conditions were 4.95â¯% ChDHCit-MA, 2.04â¯h extraction time, 79.65⯰C temperature, and a 150â¯g/mL solid-to-liquid ratio. ChCl-MA yielded 30.97â¯% AIPP, which was higher than that of ChDHCit-MA (27.99â¯%). Both AIPP demonstrated desirable properties such as low pH, high solubility, and significant DE. AIPP-A exhibited a greater DE (58.40â¯%) compared to AIPP-B (32.4â¯%) contributed to its lower WHC and higher OHC. In conclusion, RSM-based optimisation of AIPP extraction with DES is effective in producing pectin that is suitable for use as a gelling agent, preservative, and stabiliser in the food industry.
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Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Biol Macromol
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Malasia
Pais de publicación:
Países Bajos