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Impaired phagocytosis and oxidative respiratory burst activity in sickle cell anemia leukocytes.
Akinbo, David B; Ajayi, Olutayo I; Eluji, Onyinye M; Olatunji, Imisioluwa; Okoroloko, Temisan M.
Afiliación
  • Akinbo DB; Clinical Research Services, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, USA.
  • Ajayi OI; Haematology and Blood Transfusion Science Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado - Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria.
  • Eluji OM; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria.
  • Olatunji I; Haematology and Blood Transfusion Science Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado - Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria.
  • Okoroloko TM; Haematology and Blood Transfusion Science Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado - Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci ; 19(4): 867-876, 2024 Aug.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39247449
ABSTRACT

Objectives:

This case-control study investigated the mode of leukocyte function in sickle cell anemia (SCA) to delineate the underlying immunopathology for early diagnosis and mitigate the increased bacterial infection risk in this patient population.

Method:

In total, 90 participants comprising 24 hemoglobin (Hb)-AA, 22 Hb-AS, 23 steady state Hb-SS and 21 vaso-occlusive crisis state Hb-SS subjects were recruited for this study. The subjects were further divided into the following six groups Hb-AA and Hb-AS subjects as control groups, Hb-SS subjects at steady state, Hb-SS subjects in a vaso-occlusive crisis state, Hb-SS subjects undergoing medication (Meds), and Hb-SS subjects undergoing medication plus blood transfusion (Meds/BT) group, respectively. Hematological analysis, Hb electrophoresis, leukocyte ratios, and leukocyte functional assays were assessed with standard methods, and interleukin 8 (IL-8) and L-selectin levels were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results:

Total leukocyte and monocyte counts were increased in the Hb-SS groups compared to the control groups. However, the Hb-SS groups had lower lymphocyte counts than the other groups (p < 0.005). Leukocyte viability was increased in the SCA groups, while phagocytic activities and oxidative respiratory burst were both reduced in the SCA groups (p < 0.005). Increased IL-8 levels were observed in all SCA groups (p < 0.05), whereas L-selectin levels of the Hb-SS steady and Hb-SS on Meds groups were decreased compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were higher in the SCA groups than the control groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Impaired leukocyte phagocytic and oxidative respiratory burst activities constitute altered leukocyte function in SCA, which can increase their susceptibility to infections and the risk of mortality, especially during the crisis state. Novel therapeutic approaches can be tailored specifically to enhance these leukocyte functions and mitigate the increased infection risk in SCA.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: J Taibah Univ Med Sci Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación:
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: J Taibah Univ Med Sci Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: