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Melatonin effect on breast and ovarian cancers by targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Pourbarkhordar, Vahid; Rahmani, Sohrab; Roohbakhsh, Ali; Hayes, A Wallace; Karimi, Gholamreza.
Afiliación
  • Pourbarkhordar V; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
  • Rahmani S; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
  • Roohbakhsh A; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
  • Hayes AW; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
  • Karimi G; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
IUBMB Life ; 2024 Aug 30.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39212097
ABSTRACT
Melatonin, the hormone of the pineal gland, possesses a range of physiological functions, and recently, its anticancer effect has become more apparent. A more thorough understanding of molecular alterations in the components of several signaling pathways as new targets for cancer therapy is needed because of current innate restrictions such as drug toxicity, side effects, and acquired or de novo resistance. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is overactivated in many solid tumors, such as breast and ovarian cancers. This pathway in normal cells is essential for growth, proliferation, and survival. However, it is an undesirable characteristic in malignant cells. We have reviewed multiple studies about the effect of melatonin on breast and ovarian cancer, focusing on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Melatonin exerts its inhibitory effects via several mechanisms. A Downregulation of downstream or upstream components of the signaling pathway such as phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate kinase (PI3K), p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and mTOR complex1 (mTORC1). B Apoptosis induction by decreasing MDM2 expression, a downstream target of Akt, and mTOR, which leads to Bad activation in addition to Bcl-XL and p53 inhibition. C Induction of autophagy in cancer cells via activating ULK1 after mTOR inhibition, resulting in Beclin-1 phosphorylation. Beclin-1 with AMBRA1 and VPS34 promotes PI3K complex I activity and autophagy in cancer cells. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway overlaps with other intracellular signaling pathways and components such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Wnt/ß-catenin, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and other similar pathways. Cancer therapy can benefit from understanding how these pathways interact and how melatonin affects these pathways.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: IUBMB Life Asunto de la revista: BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR / BIOQUIMICA Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Irán Pais de publicación: Reino Unido
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: IUBMB Life Asunto de la revista: BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR / BIOQUIMICA Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Irán Pais de publicación: Reino Unido