Low muscle mass is associated with low insulin sensitivity, impaired pancreatic ß cell function, and high glucose excursion in nondiabetic nonobese Japanese women.
Metabol Open
; 23: 100306, 2024 Sep.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39188637
ABSTRACT
Aim:
We tested whether skeletal muscle mass is associated with insulin sensitivity, pancreatic ß-cell function, and postglucose glycemia.Methods:
Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) (relative to body size, %ASM) by DXA, surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and the disposition index (insulin sensitivity adjusted insulin secretion a product of the insulinogenic index and Matsuda insulin sensitivity index) inferred from serum insulin kinetics during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were evaluated in 168 young and 65 middle-aged women, whose BMI averaged <23.0 kg/m2 and HbA1c ⦠5.5 %.Results:
In two groups of women, %ASM was associated negatively with homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and 2-h insulin (both p < 0.01 or less). In middle-aged women not in young women, %ASM was associated inversely with the Matsuda index (p < 0.001). In middle-aged women only, it also showed a positive association with the disposition index (p = 0.02) and inverse associations with 1-h and 2-h glucose (both p < 0.01) and area under the glucose concentration curve during OGTT (p = 0.006). On multivariate linear regression analyses, 2-h insulin emerged as a determinant of %ASM independently of HOMA-IR in young women (standardized ß 0.287, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.077). In middle-aged women, the Matsuda index emerged as a determinant of %ASM (standardized ß 0.476, p < 0.001) independently of HOMA-IR, log ODI and AUCg and explained 21.3 % of %ASM variability. Post-glucose glycemia and AUCg were higher and log ODI was lower in middle-aged women with low compared with high %ASM.Conclusion:
Low skeletal muscle mass (relative to body size) was associated with low insulin sensitivity in young and middle-aged Japanese women who were neither obese nor diabetic. Middle-aged women with low muscle mass had low disposition index, an early marker of inadequate pancreatic ß-cell compensation, and hence high glucose excursion. Low skeletal muscle mass may be associated with the development of type 2 diabetes at a much lower BMI in Japanese people.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Metabol Open
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Japón
Pais de publicación:
Reino Unido