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Exploring cumulative identity-based discrimination, distress, and traumatic exposure among Muslims living in the United States.
Ahmad, Salman Shaheen; Hammad, Isha; Rbeiz, Katrina; Ebrahimi, Chantel T; Alshabani, Nuha; McLaughlin, Merranda Marie; Kia-Keating, Maryam; Weisman de Mamani, Amy.
Afiliación
  • Ahmad SS; Department of Psychology, University of Miami.
  • Hammad I; Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
  • Rbeiz K; Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University.
  • Ebrahimi CT; Department of Psychology, New School for Social Research.
  • Alshabani N; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University, Chobanian & Avesedian School of Medicine.
  • McLaughlin MM; Department of Psychology, University of Miami.
  • Kia-Keating M; Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, University of California Santa Barbara.
  • Weisman de Mamani A; Department of Psychology, University of Miami.
Psychol Trauma ; 2024 Aug 22.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39172408
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

Muslims living in the United States (MLUS), a highly heterogeneous group, experience high rates of discrimination that may cumulatively contribute to traumatic stress. This study explored whether identity-based discrimination (i.e., due to religion, gender, race) was individually and cumulatively associated with psychological distress and exposure to trauma among MLUS.

METHOD:

Fifty-nine MLUS completed the survey at two time points (~1 year apart). We administered measures of discrimination (at Time 1), distress (at Times 1 and 2), and trauma exposure (at Time 2). Multiple linear regressions determined whether discrimination at Time 1 was associated with traumatic exposure or distress at Time 2, after controlling for covariates. Mediation analyses determined whether the relationship between cumulative discrimination and distress at Time 2 occurred via distress at Time 1.

RESULTS:

MLUS who reported experiencing both religious and racial discrimination also reported greater exposure to traumatic events, after controlling for covariates. All three forms of identity-based discrimination (religion, race, gender) were individually and cumulatively (i.e., experiencing all three) associated with distress at Time 1, but not Time 2. However, the relationships between cumulative discrimination at Time 1 and distress at Time 2 were mediated by distress at Time 1. U.S.-born Muslims were particularly at risk for experiencing discrimination, distress, and traumatic exposure.

CONCLUSION:

Experiences of discrimination may have a cumulative impact on trauma and psychological distress among MLUS. This study underscores the need for targeted interventions that assess MLUS clients' discriminatory experiences to develop a more holistic conceptualization, better support systems, and the most effective approaches. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Psychol Trauma Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Psychol Trauma Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos