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Cranial anatomy and phylogenetic affinities of Bolosaurus major, with new information on the unique bolosaurid feeding apparatus and evolution of the impedance-matching ear.
Jenkins, Kelsey M; Foster, William; Napoli, James G; Meyer, Dalton L; Bever, Gabriel S; Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.
Afiliación
  • Jenkins KM; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
  • Foster W; Yale Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
  • Napoli JG; Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Meyer DL; Division of Paleontology, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
  • Bever GS; Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
  • Bhullar BS; Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA.
Anat Rec (Hoboken) ; 2024 Jul 28.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39072999
ABSTRACT
Resolving the phylogenetic relationships of early amniotes, in particular stem reptiles, remains a difficult problem. Three-dimensional morphological analysis of well-preserved stem-reptile specimens can reveal important anatomical data and clarify regions of phylogeny. Here, we present the first thorough description of the unusual early Permian stem reptile Bolosaurus major, including the first comprehensive description of a bolosaurid braincase. We describe previously obscured details of the palate, allowing for insight into bolosaurid feeding mechanics. Aspects of the rostrum, palate, mandible, and neurocranium suggest that B. major had a particularly strong bite. We additionally found B. major has a surprisingly slender stapes, similar to that of the middle Permian stem reptile Macroleter poezicus, which may suggest enhanced hearing abilities compared to other Paleozoic amniotes (e.g., captorhinids). We incorporated our new anatomical information into a large phylogenetic matrix (150 OTUs, 590 characters) to explore the relationship of Bolosauridae among stem reptiles. Our analyses generally recovered a paraphyletic "Parareptilia," and found Bolosauridae to diverge after Captorhinidae + Araeoscelidia. We also included B. major within a smaller matrix (10 OTUs, 27 characters) designed to explore the interrelationships of Bolosauridae and found all species of Bolosaurus to be monophyletic. While reptile relationships still require further investigation, our phylogeny suggests repeated evolution of impedance-matching ears in Paleozoic stem reptiles.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Asunto de la revista: ANATOMIA Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Asunto de la revista: ANATOMIA Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos