Differences in the Cellular Immune Response during and after Treatment of Sudanese Patients with Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis, and Possible Implications for Outcome.
J Epidemiol Glob Health
; 2024 Jul 15.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39007942
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The host cellular immune response associated with two treatments for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) - paromomycin plus miltefosine (Arm 1), and liposomal amphotericin B plus miltefosine (Arm 2) - was examined in Sudanese patients before treatment (D0), at the end of treatment (D42), and during the post-treatment period (D180).METHODS:
Whole blood samples were stimulated with soluble Leishmania antigen for 24 h (whole blood assay [WBA]) and the concentrations of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines, IP-10, PDL-1 and granzyme B were determined.RESULTS:
The Arm 1 treatment (98.2% cure rate) induced a Th1/Th2/Th17 response, while the Arm 2 treatment (80% cure rate) induced a Th1/Th2 response. Five Arm 2 patients relapsed and showed lower IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1ß concentrations at D0 than non-relapsers in this Arm. In patients with low-IFN-γ-production at D0, Arm 1 treatment led to a better host immune response and clinical outcome than Arm 2 treatment.CONCLUSIONS:
A Th1/Th2/Th17 response was associated with a higher cure rate. Patients with low IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1ß before treatment are more likely to relapse if they undergo Arm 2-type treatment. Determining IFN-γ, TNF and IL-10 levels prior to treatment could help predict patients at higher risk of relapse/recovery from PKDL. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03399955, Registered 17 January 2018, https//clinicaltrials.gov/study/ NCT03399955.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Epidemiol Glob Health
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
España
Pais de publicación:
Suiza