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Disparities in Physical Therapy Outcomes Based on Race and Ethnicity: A Scoping Review.
Patel, Rupal M; Prusynski, Rachel A; Williams-York, Bernadette; Matthews, Ndidiamaka D; VanHoose, Lisa.
Afiliación
  • Patel RM; School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman's University, Houston, Texas, USA.
  • Prusynski RA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
  • Williams-York B; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
  • Matthews ND; Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
  • VanHoose L; Physical Therapy Department, School of Allied Health, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA.
Phys Ther ; 104(10)2024 Oct 02.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38990209
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

This scoping review synthesizes and summarizes the evidence on racial and ethnic disparities in outcomes after physical therapist treatment.

METHODS:

Four databases from 2001 through 2021 were searched for articles reporting physical therapy outcomes across racial and ethnic groups. The Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework was adapted for this scoping review. Two reviewers screened the abstracts, and 5 reviewers screened full texts for inclusion. Five reviewers extracted information including study design, diagnoses, setting, outcomes reported, the domains the outcomes measured, and racial and ethnic groups included. To identify disparities, summarized differences in outcomes (better, worse, no difference) for each racial and ethnic group compared to White patients were calculated.

RESULTS:

Of 1511 abstracts screened, 65 met inclusion criteria, 57 of which were observational designs. All 65 articles included non-Hispanic White patients as the reference group. A majority of the physical therapy outcomes reported by race were for Black patients and/or Hispanic or Latino patients, whereas outcomes for Asian, American Indian, Alaskan Native, and/or Native Hawaiians or Pacific Islander patients were reported infrequently. Most articles reported disparities in health outcomes for patients in the inpatient rehabilitation setting (n = 48) and for adults (n = 59) with neurologic diagnoses (n = 36). Compared to White patients, worse outcomes were reported more frequently for all marginalized racial and ethnic groups after physical therapy, with the exception of marginalized groups having the same or better outcomes for successful post-rehabilitation community discharge.

CONCLUSION:

Gaps remain in understanding outcome disparities beyond older adult and neurologic populations as well as for musculoskeletal diagnoses frequently treated by physical therapists. IMPACT The presence of racial and ethnic disparities in physical therapy outcomes should motivate physical therapists to understand the mechanisms underlying disparities and focus on social and structural drivers of health inequity in their clinical decision-making.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Modalidades de Fisioterapia / Disparidades en Atención de Salud Límite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Phys Ther Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Modalidades de Fisioterapia / Disparidades en Atención de Salud Límite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Phys Ther Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos