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Lower Humoral and Cellular Immunity Following Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection Compared to Symptomatic Infection in Education (The ACE Cohort).
Hopkins, Georgina; Gomez, Nancy; Tucis, Davis; Bartlett, Laura; Steers, Graham; Burns, Ellie; Brown, Michaela; Harvey-Cowlishaw, Tyler; Santos, Rute; Lauder, Sarah N; Scurr, Martin; Capitani, Lorenzo; Burnell, Stephanie; Rees, Tara; Smart, Kathryn; Somerville, Michelle; Gallimore, Awen; Perera, Marianne; Potts, Martin; Metaxaki, Marina; Krishna, Benjamin; Jackson, Hannah; Tighe, Paddy; Onion, David; Godkin, Andrew; Wills, Mark; Fairclough, Lucy.
Afiliación
  • Hopkins G; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Gomez N; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Tucis D; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Bartlett L; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Steers G; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Burns E; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Brown M; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Harvey-Cowlishaw T; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Santos R; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Lauder SN; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • Scurr M; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • Capitani L; ImmunoServ Ltd, Cardiff, UK.
  • Burnell S; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • Rees T; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • Smart K; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • Somerville M; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • Gallimore A; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • Perera M; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • Potts M; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  • Metaxaki M; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  • Krishna B; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  • Jackson H; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  • Tighe P; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Onion D; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Godkin A; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
  • Wills M; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • Fairclough L; ImmunoServ Ltd, Cardiff, UK.
J Clin Immunol ; 44(6): 147, 2024 Jun 10.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38856804
ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:

Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections were widely reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, acting as a hidden source of infection. Many existing studies investigating asymptomatic immunity failed to recruit true asymptomatic individuals. Thus, we conducted a longitudinal cohort study to evaluate humoral- and cell-mediated responses to infection and vaccination in well-defined asymptomatic young adults (the Asymptomatic COVID-19 in Education [ACE] cohort).

METHODS:

Asymptomatic testing services located at three UK universities identified asymptomatic young adults who were subsequently recruited with age- and sex-matched symptomatic and uninfected controls. Blood and saliva samples were collected after SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan infection, and again after vaccination. 51 participant's anti-spike antibody titres, neutralizing antibodies, and spike-specific T-cell responses were measured, against both Wuhan and Omicron B.1.1.529.1.

RESULTS:

Asymptomatic participants exhibited reduced Wuhan-specific neutralization antibodies pre- and post-vaccination, as well as fewer Omicron-specific neutralization antibodies post-vaccination, compared to symptomatic participants. Lower Wuhan and Omicron-specific IgG titres in asymptomatic individuals were also observed pre- and post-vaccination, compared to symptomatic participants. There were no differences in salivary IgA levels. Conventional flow cytometry analysis and multi-dimensional clustering analysis indicated unvaccinated asymptomatic participants had significantly fewer Wuhan-specific IL-2 secreting CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells and activated CD8+ T cells than symptomatic participants, though these differences dissipated after vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS:

Asymptomatic infection results in decreased antibody and T cell responses to further exposure to SARS-CoV-2 variants, compared to symptomatic infection. Post-vaccination, antibody responses are still inferior, but T cell immunity increases to match symptomatic subjects, emphasising the importance of vaccination to help protect asymptomatic individuals against future variants.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Anticuerpos Neutralizantes / Inmunidad Humoral / Infecciones Asintomáticas / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Inmunidad Celular / Anticuerpos Antivirales Límite: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male País/Región como asunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: J Clin Immunol Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article Pais de publicación: Países Bajos
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Anticuerpos Neutralizantes / Inmunidad Humoral / Infecciones Asintomáticas / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Inmunidad Celular / Anticuerpos Antivirales Límite: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male País/Región como asunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: J Clin Immunol Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article Pais de publicación: Países Bajos