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A multi-environmental source approach to explore associations between metals exposure and olfactory identification among school-age children residing in northern Italy.
Renzetti, Stefano; van Thriel, Christoph; Lucchini, Roberto G; Smith, Donald R; Peli, Marco; Borgese, Laura; Cirelli, Paola; Bilo, Fabjola; Patrono, Alessandra; Cagna, Giuseppa; Rechtman, Elza; Idili, Stefania; Ongaro, Elisa; Calza, Stefano; Rota, Matteo; Wright, Robert O; Claus Henn, Birgit; Horton, Megan K; Placidi, Donatella.
Afiliación
  • Renzetti S; Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy. stefano.renzetti@unibs.it.
  • van Thriel C; Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Neurotoxicology and Chemosensation, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
  • Lucchini RG; Department of Biochemical, Biomedical and Neurosciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
  • Smith DR; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
  • Peli M; Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
  • Borgese L; Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Cirelli P; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Bilo F; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Patrono A; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Cagna G; Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Rechtman E; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Idili S; Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Ongaro E; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
  • Calza S; Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Rota M; Department of Medical-Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Wright RO; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Claus Henn B; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
  • Horton MK; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
  • Placidi D; Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol ; 34(4): 699-708, 2024 Jul.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38802534
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Metal exposures can adversely impact olfactory function. Few studies have examined this association in children. Further, metal exposure occurs as a mixture, yet previous studies of metal-associated olfactory dysfunction only examined individual metals. Preventing olfactory dysfunctions can improve quality of life and prevent neurodegenerative diseases with long-term health implications.

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to test the association between exposure to a mixture of 12 metals measured in environmental sources and olfactory function among children and adolescents residing in the industrialized province of Brescia, Italy.

METHODS:

We enrolled 130 children between 6 and 13 years old (51.5% females) and used the "Sniffin' Sticks" test to measure olfactory performance in identifying smells. We used a portable X-ray fluorescence instrument to determine concentrations of metals (arsenic (As), calcium, cadmium (Cd), chromium, copper, iron, manganese, lead (Pb), antimony, titanium, vanadium and zinc) in outdoor and indoor deposited dust and soil samples collected from participants' households. We used an extension of weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to test the association between exposure to metal mixtures in multiple environmental media and olfactory function adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, intelligence quotient and parents' smoking status.

RESULTS:

A higher multi-source mixture was significantly associated with a reduced Sniffin' Sticks identification score (ß = -0.228; 95% CI -0.433, -0.020). Indoor dust concentrations of Pb, Cd and As provided the strongest contributions to this association (13.8%, 13.3% and 10.1%, respectively). The metal mixture in indoor dust contributed more (for 8 metals out of 12) to the association between metals and olfactory function compared to soil or outdoor dust. IMPACT STATEMENT Among a mixture of 12 metals measured in three different environmental sources (soil, outdoor and indoor dust), we identified Pb, Cd and As measured in indoor dust as the main contributors to reduced olfactory function in children and adolescents residing in an industrialized area. Exposure to indoor pollution can be effectively reduced through individual and public health interventions allowing to prevent the deterioration of olfactory functions. Moreover, the identification of the factors that can deteriorate olfactory functions can be a helpful instrument to improve quality of life and prevent neurodegenerative diseases as long-term health implications.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales / Metales Límite: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male País/Región como asunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol Asunto de la revista: EPIDEMIOLOGIA / SAUDE AMBIENTAL Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Italia Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales / Metales Límite: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male País/Región como asunto: Europa Idioma: En Revista: J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol Asunto de la revista: EPIDEMIOLOGIA / SAUDE AMBIENTAL Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Italia Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos