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From Detection to Protection: Antibodies and Their Crucial Role in Diagnosing and Combatting SARS-CoV-2.
Kumar, Anoop; Tripathi, Prajna; Kumar, Prashant; Shekhar, Ritu; Pathak, Rajiv.
Afiliación
  • Kumar A; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals, Noida 201309, India.
  • Tripathi P; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
  • Kumar P; R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
  • Shekhar R; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
  • Pathak R; Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA.
Vaccines (Basel) ; 12(5)2024 Apr 25.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38793710
ABSTRACT
Understanding the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is crucial to comprehending disease progression and the significance of vaccine and therapeutic development. The emergence of highly contagious variants poses a significant challenge to humoral immunity, underscoring the necessity of grasping the intricacies of specific antibodies. This review emphasizes the pivotal role of antibodies in shaping immune responses and their implications for diagnosing, preventing, and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. It delves into the kinetics and characteristics of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 and explores current antibody-based diagnostics, discussing their strengths, clinical utility, and limitations. Furthermore, we underscore the therapeutic potential of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, discussing various antibody-based therapies such as monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, anti-cytokines, convalescent plasma, and hyperimmunoglobulin-based therapies. Moreover, we offer insights into antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, emphasizing the significance of neutralizing antibodies in order to confer immunity to SARS-CoV-2, along with emerging variants of concern (VOCs) and circulating Omicron subvariants. We also highlight challenges in the field, such as the risks of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and shed light on the challenges associated with the original antigenic sin (OAS) effect and long COVID. Overall, this review intends to provide valuable insights, which are crucial to advancing sensitive diagnostic tools, identifying efficient antibody-based therapeutics, and developing effective vaccines to combat the evolving threat of SARS-CoV-2 variants on a global scale.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Vaccines (Basel) Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: India Pais de publicación: Suiza
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Vaccines (Basel) Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: India Pais de publicación: Suiza