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Human Milk Cannabinoid Concentrations and Associations with Maternal Factors: The Lactation and Cannabis (LAC) Study.
Holdsworth, Elizabeth A; Berim, Anna; Gang, David R; Williams, Janet E; Smith, Caroline B; Caffé, Beatrice; Brooks, Olivia; Barbosa-Leiker, Celestina; McGuire, Mark A; McGuire, Michelle K; Meehan, Courtney L.
Afiliación
  • Holdsworth EA; Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
  • Berim A; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
  • Gang DR; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
  • Williams JE; Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.
  • Smith CB; Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
  • Caffé B; Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
  • Brooks O; College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA.
  • Barbosa-Leiker C; College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA.
  • McGuire MA; Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.
  • McGuire MK; Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.
  • Meehan CL; Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
Breastfeed Med ; 19(7): 515-524, 2024 Jul.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38695182
ABSTRACT
Background and

Objectives:

As cannabis use increases among reproductive-aged women, there is a growing need to better understand the presence of cannabinoids in milk produced by women using cannabis. It is unclear how concentrations of cannabinoids such as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) persist in milk after cannabis use and what factors contribute to variation in milk Δ9-THC concentrations. Our objectives were to measure cannabinoids in human milk following cannabis abstention, after single and repeated instances of cannabis use, and identify factors contributing to concentration variation.

Methods:

The Lactation and Cannabis (LAC) Study prospectively observed 20 breastfeeding participants who frequently used cannabis (≥1/week), had enrolled <6 months postpartum, were feeding their infant their milk ≥5 times/day, and were not using any illicit drugs. Participants collected a baseline milk sample after ≥12 hours of abstaining from cannabis and five milk samples at set intervals over 8-12 hours after initial cannabis use. Participants completed surveys and recorded self-directed cannabis use during the study period.

Results:

Δ9-THC peaked 120 minutes after a single instance of cannabis use (median, n = 9). More instances of cannabis use during the study period were associated with greater Δ9-THC area-under-the-curve concentrations (ρ = 0.65, p = 0.002), indicating Δ9-THC bioaccumulation in most participants. Baseline Δ9-THC logged concentration was positively associated with self-reported frequency of cannabis use (b = 0.57, p = 0.01).

Conclusions:

Cannabinoids are measurable in human milk following cannabis use, and concentrations remain elevated with repeated cannabis use over a day. Substantial variation in Δ9-THC milk concentrations reflects individual differences in characteristics and behavior, including average postpartum frequency of cannabis use.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Dronabinol / Lactancia Materna / Lactancia / Leche Humana Límite: Adult / Female / Humans / Infant / Newborn Idioma: En Revista: Breastfeed Med Asunto de la revista: CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
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XML
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Dronabinol / Lactancia Materna / Lactancia / Leche Humana Límite: Adult / Female / Humans / Infant / Newborn Idioma: En Revista: Breastfeed Med Asunto de la revista: CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos