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Effects of removing in-feed antibiotics and zinc oxide on the taxonomy and functionality of the microbiota in post weaning pigs.
Ortiz Sanjuán, Juan M; Argüello, Héctor; Cabrera-Rubio, Raúl; Crispie, Fiona; Cotter, Paul D; Garrido, Juan J; Ekhlas, Daniel; Burgess, Catherine M; Manzanilla, Edgar G.
Afiliación
  • Ortiz Sanjuán JM; Pig Development Department, Teagasc Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland. jmos11.1993@gmail.com.
  • Argüello H; Grupo de Genómica y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. jmos11.1993@gmail.com.
  • Cabrera-Rubio R; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
  • Crispie F; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
  • Cotter PD; APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
  • Garrido JJ; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
  • Ekhlas D; APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
  • Burgess CM; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
  • Manzanilla EG; APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
Anim Microbiome ; 6(1): 18, 2024 Apr 16.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38627869
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Post weaning diarrhoea (PWD) causes piglet morbidity and mortality at weaning and is a major driver for antimicrobial use worldwide. New regulations in the EU limit the use of in-feed antibiotics (Ab) and therapeutic zinc oxide (ZnO) to prevent PWD. New approaches to control PWD are needed, and understanding the role of the microbiota in this context is key. In this study, shotgun metagenome sequencing was used to describe the taxonomic and functional evolution of the faecal microbiota of the piglet during the first two weeks post weaning within three experimental groups, Ab, ZnO and no medication, on commercial farms using antimicrobials regularly in the post weaning period.

RESULTS:

Diversity was affected by day post weaning (dpw), treatment used and diarrhoea but not by the farm. Microbiota composition evolved towards the dominance of groups of species such as Prevotella spp. at day 14dpw. ZnO inhibited E. coli overgrowth, promoted higher abundance of the family Bacteroidaceae and decreased Megasphaera spp. Animals treated with Ab exhibited inconsistent taxonomic changes across time points, with an overall increase of Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Megasphaera elsdenii. Samples from non-medicated pigs showed virulence-related functions at 7dpw, and specific ETEC-related virulence factors were detected in all samples presenting diarrhoea. Differential microbiota functions of pigs treated with ZnO were related to sulphur and DNA metabolism, as well as mechanisms of antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance, whereas Ab treated animals exhibited functions related to antimicrobial resistance and virulence.

CONCLUSION:

Ab and particularly ZnO maintained a stable microbiota composition and functionality during the two weeks post weaning, by limiting E. coli overgrowth, and ultimately preventing microbiota dysbiosis. Future approaches to support piglet health should be able to reproduce this stable gut microbiota transition during the post weaning period, in order to maintain optimal gut physiological and productive conditions.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Anim Microbiome Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Irlanda Pais de publicación: Reino Unido
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Anim Microbiome Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Irlanda Pais de publicación: Reino Unido