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The infant gut microbiome and cognitive development in malnutrition.
Shennon, Inoli; Wilson, Brooke C; Behling, Anna H; Portlock, Theo; Haque, Rashidul; Forrester, Terrence; Nelson, Charles A; O'Sullivan, Justin M.
Afiliación
  • Shennon I; The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
  • Wilson BC; The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
  • Behling AH; The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
  • Portlock T; The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
  • Haque R; Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh.
  • Forrester T; UWI Solutions for Developing Countries, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
  • Nelson CA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • O'Sullivan JM; The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; The Maurice Wilkins Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Singapore Institute for Clinical
Clin Nutr ; 43(5): 1181-1189, 2024 May.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38608404
ABSTRACT
Malnutrition affects 195 million children under the age of five worldwide with long term effects that include impaired cognitive development. Brain development occurs rapidly over the first 36 months of life. Whilst seemingly independent, changes to the brain and gut microbiome are linked by metabolites, hormones, and neurotransmitters as part of the gut-brain axis. In the context of severe malnutrition, the composition of the gut microbiome and the repertoire of biochemicals exchanged via the gut-brain axis vary when compared to healthy individuals. These effects are primarily due to the recognized interacting determinants, macro- and micronutrient deficiencies, infection, infestations and toxins related to poor sanitation, and a dearth of psycho-social stimulation. The standard of care for the treatment of severe acute malnutrition is focused on nutritional repletion and weight restoration through the provision of macro- and micronutrients, the latter usually in excess of recommended dietary allowances (RDA). However, existing formulations and supplements have not been designed to specifically address key recovery requirements for brain and gut microbiome development. Animal model studies indicate that treatments targeting the gut microbiome could improve brain development. Despite this, research on humans targeting the gut microbiome with the aim of restoring brain functionality are scarce. We conclude that there is a need for assessment of cognition and the use of various tools that permit visualization of the brain anatomy and function (e.g., Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), electroencephalogram (EEG)) to understand how interventions targeting the gut microbiome impact brain development.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Cognición / Microbioma Gastrointestinal Límite: Animals / Humans / Infant Idioma: En Revista: Clin Nutr Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Nueva Zelanda Pais de publicación: Reino Unido
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Cognición / Microbioma Gastrointestinal Límite: Animals / Humans / Infant Idioma: En Revista: Clin Nutr Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Nueva Zelanda Pais de publicación: Reino Unido