Metabolic Effects of Brown Adipose Tissue Activity Due to Cold Exposure in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of RCTs and Non-RCTs.
Biomedicines
; 12(3)2024 Feb 28.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38540150
ABSTRACT
Brown adipose tissue (BAT), specialized in thermoregulation in mammals, has been linked to improved glucose and lipid homeostasis when activated by cold exposure (CE). This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the metabolic effects of CE-induced BAT activation in healthy humans, examining changes in glucose and lipid metabolism compared to thermoneutrality (TN). A literature search was conducted, identifying relevant human studies, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs, based on predefined inclusion criteria. Seven studies (a total of 85 participants) fully met the criteria. Data on plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TGs), and free fatty acids (FFAs) were extracted for meta-analysis. When comparing TN and CE under fasting conditions, there were no significant changes in glucose, insulin, or TG concentrations (all p > 0.36). In contrast, CE significantly increased FFA concentrations (p = 0.002; n = 38). Bias was absent for all parameters, but heterogeneity was observed for insulin (I2 = 74.8%). CE primarily affects FFA concentration, likely reflecting cold-induced BAT activity. This suggests that circulating FFAs, serving as the primary fuel for thermogenesis, could indicate BAT activation. However, understanding the effects of BAT activation on overall metabolism requires a broader approach beyond fasting glucose and lipid concentration measurements.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Biomedicines
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Alemania
Pais de publicación:
Suiza