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External cues improve visual working memory encoding in the presence of salient distractors in schizophrenia.
Barnes-Scheufler, Catherine V; Rösler, Lara; Schaum, Michael; Schiweck, Carmen; Peters, Benjamin; Mayer, Jutta S; Reif, Andreas; Wibral, Michael; Bittner, Robert A.
Afiliación
  • Barnes-Scheufler CV; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Rösler L; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Schaum M; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Schiweck C; Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany.
  • Peters B; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Mayer JS; Institute of Medical Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Reif A; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
  • Wibral M; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Bittner RA; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.
Psychol Med ; 54(9): 1965-1974, 2024 Jul.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436135
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

People with schizophrenia (PSZ) are impaired in attentional prioritization of non-salient but relevant stimuli over salient distractors during visual working memory (VWM) encoding. Conversely, guidance of top-down attention by external predictive cues is intact. Yet, it is unknown whether this preserved ability can help PSZ encode more information in the presence of salient distractors.

METHODS:

We employed a visuospatial change-detection task using four Gabor patches with differing orientations in 66 PSZ and 74 healthy controls (HCS). Two Gabor patches flickered which were designated either as targets or distractors and either a predictive or a non-predictive cue was displayed to manipulate top-down attention, resulting in four conditions.

RESULTS:

We observed significant effects of group, salience and cue as well as significant interactions of salience by cue, group by salience and group by cue. Across all conditions, PSZ stored significantly less information in VWM than HCS. PSZ stored significantly less non-flickering than flickering information with a non-predictive cue. However, PSZ stored significantly more flickering and non-flickering information with a predictive cue.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings indicate that control of attentional selection is impaired in schizophrenia. We demonstrate that additional top-down information significantly improves performance in PSZ. The observed deficit in attentional control suggests a disturbance of GABAergic inhibition in early visual areas. Moreover, our findings are indicative of a mechanism for enhancing attentional control in PSZ, which could be utilized by pro-cognitive interventions. Thus, the current paradigm is suitable to reveal both preserved and compromised cognitive component processes in schizophrenia.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Atención / Esquizofrenia / Percepción Visual / Señales (Psicología) / Memoria a Corto Plazo Límite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Idioma: En Revista: Psychol Med Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Alemania Pais de publicación: Reino Unido
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Atención / Esquizofrenia / Percepción Visual / Señales (Psicología) / Memoria a Corto Plazo Límite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Idioma: En Revista: Psychol Med Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Alemania Pais de publicación: Reino Unido