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Retrospective evaluation of leflunomide as an adjunctive therapy in dogs with non-associative immune-mediated thrombocytopenia: 20 cases (2008-2021).
Spear, D J; Crouse, Z J; Kearns, S A.
Afiliación
  • Spear DJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts Veterinary Referral Hospital, Woburn, MA, 01801, USA.
  • Crouse ZJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Angell Animal Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
  • Kearns SA; Department of Internal Medicine, Angell Animal Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
J Small Anim Pract ; 65(4): 261-269, 2024 04.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433454
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To describe leflunomide as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of non-associative immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. MATERIALS AND

METHODS:

A retrospective study of dogs with a diagnosis of non-associative immune-mediated thrombocytopenia treated with leflunomide March 2008 to September 2021 was conducted. Data collected included signalment, clinical signs, physical examination findings and diagnostic testing performed. Medications administered, duration of hospital stay, time to platelet concentration >150×109/L and adverse events during leflunomide therapy were recorded. Relapses within a year of diagnosis were reported.

RESULTS:

A total of 20 client-owned dogs met inclusion criteria. Nineteen of 20 dogs (95%) achieved a platelet concentration >150×109/L with leflunomide and prednisone combination therapy and four dogs (21.1%) relapsed during treatment or shortly after treatment. Adverse effects included diarrhoea (n=5), mild lymphopenia (n=9) and mild intermittent anaemia (n=1). A single dog developed hepatotoxicity presumed to be secondary to leflunomide therapy that resolved after drug discontinuation. One dog was treated for aspiration pneumonia during treatment. Two dogs were euthanased while receiving leflunomide. CLINICAL

SIGNIFICANCE:

Length of hospitalisation, time to platelet recovery, treatment response and relapse rate were comparable with alternative treatment protocols. Most adverse effects did not require leflunomide dose adjustment; however, two dogs died while undergoing leflunomide treatment and there is compelling evidence that one of these dogs experienced fatal infection secondary to immune-suppression. Hepatotoxicity remains a known complication of leflunomide treatment and serial biochemistry testing is recommended.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Trombocitopenia / Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática / Enfermedades de los Perros / Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas Límite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: J Small Anim Pract Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Reino Unido
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Trombocitopenia / Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática / Enfermedades de los Perros / Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas Límite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: J Small Anim Pract Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Reino Unido