De novo variants predicting haploinsufficiency for DIP2C are associated with expressive speech delay.
Am J Med Genet A
; 194(7): e63559, 2024 07.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38421105
ABSTRACT
The disconnected (disco)-interacting protein 2 (DIP2) gene was first identified in D. melanogaster and contains a DNA methyltransferase-associated protein 1 (DMAP1) binding domain, Acyl-CoA synthetase domain and AMP-binding sites. DIP2 regulates axonal bifurcation of the mushroom body neurons in D. melanogaster and is required for axonal regeneration in the neurons of C. elegans. The DIP2 homologues in vertebrates, Disco-interacting protein 2 homolog A (DIP2A), Disco-interacting protein 2 homolog B (DIP2B), and Disco-interacting protein 2 homolog C (DIP2C), are highly conserved and expressed widely in the central nervous system. Although there is evidence that DIP2C plays a role in cognition, reports of pathogenic variants in these genes are rare and their significance is uncertain. We present 23 individuals with heterozygous DIP2C variants, all manifesting developmental delays that primarily affect expressive language and speech articulation. Eight patients had de novo variants predicting loss-of-function in the DIP2C gene, two patients had de novo missense variants, three had paternally inherited loss of function variants and six had maternally inherited loss-of-function variants, while inheritance was unknown for four variants. Four patients had cardiac defects (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, atrial septal defects, and bicuspid aortic valve). Minor facial anomalies were inconsistent but included a high anterior hairline with a long forehead, broad nasal tip, and ear anomalies. Brainspan analysis showed elevated DIP2C expression in the human neocortex at 10-24 weeks after conception. With the cases presented herein, we provide phenotypic and genotypic data supporting the association between loss-of-function variants in DIP2C with a neurocognitive phenotype.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Haploinsuficiencia
/
Trastornos del Desarrollo del Lenguaje
Límite:
Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Med Genet A
Asunto de la revista:
GENETICA MEDICA
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos