Human Endogenous Retroviruses in Diseases.
Subcell Biochem
; 106: 403-439, 2023.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38159236
ABSTRACT
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), which are conserved sequences of ancient retroviruses, are widely distributed in the human genome. Although most HERVs have been rendered inactive by evolution, some have continued to exhibit important cytological functions. HERVs in the human genome perform dual functions on the one hand, they are involved in important physiological processes such as placental development and immune regulation; on the other hand, their aberrant expression is closely associated with the pathological processes of several diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, and viral infections. HERVs can also regulate a variety of host cellular functions, including the expression of protein-coding genes and regulatory elements that have evolved from HERVs. Here, we present recent research on the roles of HERVs in viral infections and cancers, including the dysregulation of HERVs in various viral infections, HERV-induced epigenetic modifications of histones (such as methylation and acetylation), and the potential mechanisms of HERV-mediated antiviral immunity. We also describe therapies to improve the efficacy of vaccines and medications either by directly or indirectly targeting HERVs, depending on the HERV.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Virosis
/
Retrovirus Endógenos
/
Neoplasias
Límite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Subcell Biochem
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos