Solar-driven persulfate degradation of caffeine and cephradine in synthetic human urine.
J Hazard Mater
; 465: 133031, 2024 03 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38008053
Urine source separation, as an innovative concept for the reuse of microlevel nutrients in human urine, has drawn increasing attention recently. Consequently, removing coexisting pharmaceuticals in urine is necessary for further reuse. This study is the first to apply the solar-driven persulfate process (Solar/PS) to the investigation of cephradine (CFD) and caffeine (CAF) degradation in synthetic human urine. The results showed that significantly more degradation of CFD and CAF occurs with the Solar/PS process than with persulfate oxidation and direct sunlight photolysis, respectively. The generated reactive species ·OH, SO4·-, O2·- and 1O2 were identified in the Solar/PS process. While SO4·- played a dominant role at pH 6, it played a minor role at pH 9 due to the lower amount generated under alkaline conditions. The presence of chloride and ammonia negatively impacted the photodegradation of both compounds. In contrast, bicarbonate exhibited no effect on CAF but enhanced CFD degradation owing to its amino-acid-like structure, which has a higher reactivity toward CO3·-. Although total organic carbon (TOC) was partially mineralized after 6 h of operation, no Microtox® toxicity was observed.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Contaminantes Químicos del Agua
/
Cefradina
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Hazard Mater
Asunto de la revista:
SAUDE AMBIENTAL
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
Países Bajos