Acute/chronic inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy.
Handb Clin Neurol
; 195: 619-633, 2023.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37562890
Autoimmune neuropathy may present acutely or with a more progressive and/or relapsing and remitting course. Acute inflammatory neuropathy or Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has variable presentations but by far the most common is acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy which is characterized by rapidly progressive proximal and distal symmetric weakness, sensory loss, and depressed reflexes. The most common chronic autoimmune neuropathy is chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, which in its most typical form is clinically similar to acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (proximal and distal symmetric weakness, sensory loss, and depressed reflexes) but differs in that onset is much more gradual, i.e., over at least 8 weeks. While the majority of GBS cases result from a postinfectious activation of the immune system, presumably in a genetically susceptible host, less is understood regarding the etiopathogenesis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Both acute and chronic forms of these inflammatory neuropathies are driven by some combination of innate and adaptive immune pathways, with differing contributions depending on the neuropathy subtype. Both disorders are largely clinical diagnoses, but diagnostic tools are available to confirm the diagnosis, prognosticate, detect variant forms, and rule out mimics. Given the autoimmune underpinnings of both disorders, immunosuppressive and immunomodulating treatments are typically given in both diseases; however, they differ in their response to treatment.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré
/
Polirradiculoneuropatía Crónica Inflamatoria Desmielinizante
/
Fragilidad
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Handb Clin Neurol
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
Países Bajos