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On the Functional Role of Gamma Synchronization in the Retinogeniculate System of the Cat.
Neuenschwander, Sergio; Rosso, Giovanne; Branco, Natalia; Freitag, Fabio; Tehovnik, Edward J; Schmidt, Kerstin E; Baron, Jerome.
Afiliación
  • Neuenschwander S; Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59076-550, Natal, Brazil neuenschwander@neuro.ufrn.br.
  • Rosso G; Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59076-550, Natal, Brazil.
  • Branco N; Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59076-550, Natal, Brazil.
  • Freitag F; Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59076-550, Natal, Brazil.
  • Tehovnik EJ; Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59076-550, Natal, Brazil.
  • Schmidt KE; Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59076-550, Natal, Brazil.
  • Baron J; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
J Neurosci ; 43(28): 5204-5220, 2023 07 12.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37328291
Fast gamma oscillations, generated within the retina, and transmitted to the cortex via the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), are thought to carry information about stimulus size and continuity. This hypothesis relies mainly on studies conducted under anesthesia and the extent to which it holds under more naturalistic conditions remains unclear. Using multielectrode recordings of spiking activity in the retina and the LGN of both male and female cats, we show that visually driven gamma oscillations are absent for awake states and are highly dependent on halothane (or isoflurane). Under ketamine, responses were nonoscillatory, as in the awake condition. Response entrainment to the monitor refresh was commonly observed up to 120 Hz and was superseded by the gamma oscillatory responses induced by halothane. Given that retinal gamma oscillations are contingent on halothane anesthesia and absent in the awake cat, such oscillations should be considered artifactual, thus playing no functional role in vision.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Gamma rhythms have been proposed to be a robust encoding mechanism critical for visual processing. In the retinogeniculate system of the cat, many studies have shown gamma oscillations associated with responses to static stimuli. Here, we extend these observations to dynamic stimuli. An unexpected finding was that retinal gamma responses strongly depend on halothane concentration levels and are absent in the awake cat. These results weaken the notion that gamma in the retina is relevant for vision. Notably, retinal gamma shares many of the properties of cortical gamma. In this respect, oscillations induced by halothane in the retina may serve as a valuable preparation, although artificial, for studying oscillatory dynamics.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Ritmo Gamma / Halotano Límite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: J Neurosci Año: 2023 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Brasil Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
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Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Ritmo Gamma / Halotano Límite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: J Neurosci Año: 2023 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Brasil Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos