Temporal and coevolutionary analyses reveal the events driving the emergence and circulation of human mamastroviruses.
Emerg Microbes Infect
; 12(1): 2217942, 2023 Dec.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37222427
Characterized by high genetic diversity, broad host range, and resistance to adverse conditions, coupled with recent reports of neurotropic astroviruses circulating in humans, mamastroviruses pose a threat to public health. The current astrovirus classification system based on host source prevents determining whether strains with distinct tropism or virulence are emerging. By using integrated phylogeny, we propose a standardized demarcation of species and genotypes, with reproducible cut-off values that reconcile the pairwise sequence distribution, genetic distances between lineages, and the topological reconstruction of the Mamastrovirus genus. We further define the various links established by co-evolution and resolve the dynamics of transmission chains to identify host-jump events and the sources from which different mamastrovirus species circulating in humans have emerged. We observed that recombination is relatively infrequent and restricted to within genotypes. The well-known "human" astrovirus, defined here as mamastrovirus species 7, has co-speciated with humans, while there have been two additional host-jumps into humans from distinct hosts. Newly defined species 6 genotype 2, linked to severe gastroenteritis in children, resulted from a marmot to human jump taking place â¼200 years ago while species 6 genotype 7 (MastV-Sp6Gt7), linked to neurological disease in immunocompromised patients, jumped from bovines only â¼50 years ago. Through demographic reconstruction, we determined that the latter reached coalescent viral population growth only 20 years ago and is evolving at a much higher evolutionary rate than other genotypes infecting humans. This study constitutes mounting evidence of MastV-Sp6Gt7 active circulation and highlights the need for diagnostics capable of detecting it.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Mamastrovirus
/
Astroviridae
/
Infecciones por Astroviridae
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Gastroenteritis
Límite:
Animals
/
Child
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Emerg Microbes Infect
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos