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Effect of Different Gas-Stunning Conditions on Heme Pigment Solutions and on the Color of Blood, Meat, and Small Intestine of Rabbits.
Alam, Muhammad Shahbubul; Song, Dong-Heon; Lee, Jeong-Ah; Hoa, Van-Ba; Kim, Hyoun-Wook; Kang, Sun-Moon; Cho, Soo-Hyun; Hwang, Inho; Seol, Kuk-Hwan.
Afiliación
  • Alam MS; Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.
  • Song DH; Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 561756, Republic of Korea.
  • Lee JA; Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.
  • Hoa VB; Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.
  • Kim HW; Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea.
  • Kang SM; Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.
  • Cho SH; Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.
  • Hwang I; Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.
  • Seol KH; Animal Products Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.
Animals (Basel) ; 12(22)2022 Nov 15.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36428383
The objectives of this study were to elucidate the effect of different high-concentration levels of inert gases (Ar and N2) on heme-pigment solutions and on the color of the blood, meat, and small intestine of rabbits; and to figure out the proper concentration level of inert gas (Ar or N2) for the complete stunning of the rabbit. To observe the changing of color attributes, a research study was conducted in the abattoir of the National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), RDA, Republic of Korea. This experiment had 2 parts, (i) A trial on heme-pigment solutions (hemoglobin and myoglobin solution) was conducted in a gas chamber with different high-concentration levels of carbon dioxide, argon, nitrogen, and normal air; and (ii) a rabbit experiment was conducted­stunning with different high-concentration levels of carbon dioxide, argon, nitrogen, and the Halal method (non-stunning). A small-size digital gas chamber was used for this experiment (size: width 850 mm × depth 1350 mm). Artificial hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin (Mb) solutions were created from "porcine hemoglobin lyophilized powder" and "equine skeletal muscle myoglobin lyophilized powder", respectively. In the heme-pigment solutions trial, 10 treatments were used: (i) 80% carbon dioxide (T1), (ii) 85% carbon dioxide (T2), (iii) 90% carbon dioxide (T3), (iv) 80% argon (T4), (v) 85% argon (T5), (vi) 90% argon (T6), (vii) 80% nitogen (T7), (viii) 85% nitogen (T8), (ix) 90% nitogen (T9), and (x) normal air (T10). Heme-pigment solutions (both Hb and Mb) were exposed with each treatment for four separate durations of time (30 s, 1 min, 2 min, and 4 min); and every sample (Hb and Mb) was exposed during each duration of time for 10 times (n = 10). In the rabbit experiment, seven treatments were used (i) 85% carbon dioxide (T1), (ii) 90% carbon dioxide (T2), (iii) 85% argon (T3), (iv) 90% argon (T4), (v) 96% nitrogen (T5), (vi) 98% nitogen (T6), and (vii) the Halal method (non-stunning) (T7). Forty-two rabbits (mixed-breed) were collected from the nearest commercial farm and randomly selected for a treatment group (n = 6). The average body weight was 2.3 kg. For stunning, each individual rabbit was separately kept in a gas chamber, after which each specific gas was used to fulfill the desired level in the pit. After reaching the desired level of concentration, rabbits were stunned within a very short time. It was observed that the time required for stunning in the T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 treatment was 79−82, 68−73, 97−103, 88−91, 164−173, and 108−115 s, respectively. In the case of the Halal method (non-stunning), as per the rules of Islam, rabbits were slaughtered without stunning. After slaughtering, in all treatments, the blood, meat, and small intestine of each animal were collected carefully and kept in a cool room in which the temperature was −2 °C, and after 24 h, the color attributes­lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*)­were measured via a Chroma Meter. It was found that in both experiments (trial on heme-pigment solutions and rabbit stunning), the color values (L*, a* and b*) showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) among the treatment groups. The CO2-treated groups showed high redness (a*) and low lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*), which indicated a dark-red color, and N2-treated groups showed high lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) and low redness (a*), which implied a bright-red color. The effect of the Ar was in between the CO2- and N2-treated groups. These phenomena were observed both in the heme-pigment solutions (Hb and Mb) and in the blood, meat, and small intestine of the rabbits. N2-stunned animals fulfill the fundamental desire of consumers to purchase bright red-colored fresh meat. Therefore, in view of color attributes, consumer satisfaction, and animal welfare, N2 gas can be thought of as a valuable alternative to stunning. Considering the time required for complete stunning and desirable color attributes, a 98% concentration of N2 is best for rabbit stunning. As such, it could be used as a better option for the gas stunning of animals.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Animals (Basel) Año: 2022 Tipo del documento: Article Pais de publicación: Suiza

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Animals (Basel) Año: 2022 Tipo del documento: Article Pais de publicación: Suiza