Plant-Based Diets and All-cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in a Nationwide Cohort in Spain: The ENRICA Study.
Mayo Clin Proc
; 97(11): 2005-2015, 2022 11.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36333014
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of a healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) and an unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI) with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Spanish adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed data from 11,825 individuals 18 years of age or older, representative of the Spanish population, recruited between 2008 and 2010 and followed-up to 2020. Food consumption was collected at baseline using a validated dietary history, which served to calculate two plant-based diet indices based on 18 major food groups (range, 18-90 points). For (1) hPDI only the consumption of healthy plant foods (whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, vegetable oils, and tea/coffee) received positive scores; whereas for (2) uPDI, only the consumption of less healthy plant foods (fruit juices, sugar-sweetened beverages, refined grains, potatoes, and sweets/desserts) received positive scores. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models were used to estimate HRs and their 95% CIs. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 10.9 and 9.8 years, 699 all-cause and 157 CVD deaths were ascertained, respectively. Each 10-point increase in hPDI was associated with 14% lower risk of all-cause death (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.99), and 37% lower risk of CVD death (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.85). No significant associations were found for uPDI. CONCLUSION: Higher adherence to an hPDI diet, but not to a uPDI, was associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality. This suggests that the quality of the plant food consumed is paramount to achieve diet-related benefits in mortality. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02804672.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Dieta Vegetariana
/
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
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Adult
/
Humans
País/Región como asunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Mayo Clin Proc
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
España
Pais de publicación:
Reino Unido