Monkeypox virus: The changing facets of a zoonotic pathogen.
Infect Genet Evol
; 105: 105372, 2022 11.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36202208
In the last five years, the prevalence of monkeypox has been increasing both in the regions considered endemic for the disease (West and Central Africa) and worldwide. Indeed, in July 2022, the World Health Organization declared the ongoing global outbreak of monkeypox a public health emergency of international concern. The disease is caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, which also includes variola virus (the causative agent of smallpox) and vaccinia virus (used in the smallpox eradication campaign). Here, we review aspects of MPXV genetic diversity and epidemiology, with an emphasis on its genome structure, host range, and relationship with other orthopoxviruses. We also summarize the most recent findings deriving from the sequencing of outbreak MPXV genomes, and we discuss the apparent changing of MPXV evolutionary trajectory, which is characterized by the accumulation of point mutations rather than by gene gains/losses. Whereas the availability of a vaccine, the relatively mild presentation of the disease, and its relatively low transmissibility speak in favor of an efficient control of the global outbreak, the wide host range of MPXV raises concerns about the possible establishment of novel reservoirs. We also call for the deployment of field surveys and genomic surveillance programs to identify and control the MPXV reservoirs in West and Central Africa.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Viruela
/
Mpox
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Infect Genet Evol
Asunto de la revista:
BIOLOGIA
/
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
/
GENETICA
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Italia
Pais de publicación:
Países Bajos