Review: HLA loss and detection in the setting of relapse from HLA-mismatched hematopoietic cell transplant.
Hum Immunol
; 83(10): 712-720, 2022 Oct.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35287976
HLA loss in hematologic malignancies is rare at diagnosis but may occur in leukemic cells at disease relapse. Although HLA mismatched hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is useful in exploiting graft vs. leukemia (GvL) effects, alloreactive T cells may exert immune pressure on leukemic cells, leading to immune escape. Roughly 10-30% of relapses after HLA mismatched hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) involve loss of recipient-specific HLA genes, thereby rendering leukemic cells resistant to donor GvL effects. The use of alloreactive T cells, i.e., donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) to control relapse following HCT will not be effective in the context of recipient-specific HLA loss and will instead carry all the risk of graft versus host disease (GvHD). Additionally, the source of the lost HLA, maternal or paternal, is important in informing the best donor choice for rescue HCT. The growing body of evidence, together with developments in laboratory testing for genomic loss of HLA, has highlighted the importance of routine testing for HLA loss in patients who relapse post HLA-mismatched HCT. Assessment of HLA loss allows transplant centers to make quick decisions regarding the most appropriate therapies and/or alternative donor selection for rescue HCT.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas
/
Neoplasias Hematológicas
/
Enfermedad Injerto contra Huésped
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Hum Immunol
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos