95%CIs, 95% confidence intervals; ACA, Acamprosate; ALP, Alprazolam; ALVitC, Alpha-lipoic acid plus vitamin C; AMI, Amitriptyline; Bet, Betahistine; CHL, Chlorpheniramine; CLES, Common language effect size; CLO, Clonazepam; Car, Carbamazepine; ClD, Clonazepam plus deanxit; DEX, Intra-tympanic dexamethasone injection; DeGin, Intra-tympanic dexamethasone injection plus ginkgo biloba; DeLid, Intra-tympanic dexamethasone injection plus lidocaine; DeMel, Intra-tympanic dexamethasone injection plus melatonin; GABA, gamma-Aminobutyric acid; GRADE, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation; GaLid, gabapentin plus intradermal lidocaine injection; Gab, gabapentin; Gin, ginkgo biloba; KRG, Korean red ginseng; MIS, Misoprostol; MeSul, Melatonin and sulodexide; Mel, Melatonin alone; Met, Intra-tympanic methylprednisolone injection; NER, Neramexane; NMA, Network meta-analysis; NOR, Nortriptyline; OXC, Oxcarbazepine; Ozone, Ozone exposure; PAR, Paroxetine; PIR, Piribedil; PLA, placebo; PRA, Pramipexole; PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; PaVitE, papaverine hydrochloride plus vitamin E; Pen, Pentoxifylline; RCT, Randomised controlled trials; RR, Rate ratio; SER, Sertraline; SMD, Standardized mean difference; SUCRA, Surface under the cumulative ranking curve; THI, Tinnitus handicap inventory; TRA, Trazodone; TRI, Postaurical subcutaneous triamcinolone injection; VAR, Vardenafil; VAS, Visual analogue scale; VES, Vestipitant; VePar, Vestipitant and paroxetine; Zinc, Zinc supplementation