2'-F, 2'-fluoro; 2'-O-MOE, 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl); 2'-OMe, 2'-O-methyl; 3D, three-dimensional; ART, antiretroviral therapy; ASO, antisense oligonucleotide; Biomimetic strategies; Chemical modification; DDS, drug delivery systems; ECM, extracellular matrix; ENA, ethylene-bridged nucleic acid; ESC, enhanced stabilization chemistry; EVA, ethylene vinyl acetate; Fc/HSA fusion; FcRn, Fc receptor; GLP-1, glucagon like peptide-1; GS, glycine­serine; HA, hyaluronic acid; HES, hydroxy-ethyl-starch; HP, hypoparathyroidism; HSA, human serum albumin; Hydrogels; ISFI, in situ forming implants; IgG, immunoglobulin G; Implantable systems; LAFs, long-acting formulations; LAPFs, long-acting parenteral formulations; LNA, locked nucleic acid; Long-acting; MNs, microneedles; Microneedles; NDS, nanochannel delivery system; NPs, nanoparticles; Nanocrystal suspensions; OA, osteoarthritis; PCPP-SA, poly(1,3-bis(carboxyphenoxy)propane-co-sebacic-acid); PEG, polyethylene glycol; PM, platelet membrane; PMPC, poly(2-methyacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine); PNAs, peptide nucleic acids; PS, phase separation; PSA, polysialic acid; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PVA, polyvinyl alcohol; RBCs, red blood cells; RES, reticuloendothelial system; RNAi, RNA interference; SAR, structure‒activity relationship; SCID, severe combined immunodeficiency; SE, solvent extraction; STC, standard template chemistry; TNFR2, tumor necrosis factor receptor 2; hGH, human growth hormone; im, intramuscular; iv, intravenous; mPEG, methoxypolyethylene glycol; sc, subcutaneous