Engineering the bilayer: Emerging genetic tool kits for mechanistic lipid biology.

Moore, William M; Milshteyn, Daniel; Tsai, Yi-Ting; Budin, Itay

Moore, William M; Milshteyn, Daniel; Tsai, Yi-Ting; Budin, Itay.

Afiliación

Moore WM; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Milshteyn D; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Tsai YT; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Budin I; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. Electronic address: ibudin@ucsd.edu.

Curr Opin Chem Biol ; 65: 66-73, 2021 12.

Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34218059

RESUMEN

The structural diversity of lipids underpins the biophysical properties of cellular membranes, which vary across all scales of biological organization. Because lipid composition results from complex metabolic and transport pathways, its experimental control has been a major goal of mechanistic membrane biology. Here, we argue that in the wake of synthetic biology, similar metabolic engineering strategies can be applied to control the composition, physicochemical properties, and function of cell membranes. In one emerging area, titratable expression platforms allow for specific and genome-wide alterations in lipid biosynthetic genes, providing analog control over lipidome stoichiometry in membranes. Simultaneously, heterologous expression of biosynthetic genes and pathways has allowed for gain-of-function experiments with diverse lipids in non-native systems. Finally, we highlight future directions for tool development, including recently discovered lipid transport pathways to intracellular lipid pools. Further tool development providing synthetic control of membrane properties can allow biologists to untangle membrane lipid structure-associated functions.

Asunto(s)

Membrana Dobles de Lípidos; Biología Sintética; Membrana Celular/metabolismo; Membrana Dobles de Lípidos/análisis; Membrana Dobles de Lípidos/química; Membrana Dobles de Lípidos/metabolismo; Ingeniería Metabólica

Palabras clave

Lipids; Membranes; Metabolic engineering; Synthetic biology

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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Biología Sintética / Membrana Dobles de Lípidos Idioma: En Revista: Curr Opin Chem Biol Asunto de la revista: BIOQUIMICA Año: 2021 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Reino Unido

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