Potential application of γ-H2AX as a biodosimetry tool for radiation triage.
Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res
; 787: 108350, 2021.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34083048
Radiation triage and biological dosimetry are two initial steps in the medical management of exposed individuals following radiological accidents. Well established biodosimetry methods such as the dicentric (DC) assay, micronucleus (MN) assay, and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) translocation assay (for residual damage) have been used for this purpose for several decades. Recent advances in scoring methodology and networking among established laboratories have increased triage capacity; however, these methods still have limitations in analysing large sample numbers, particularly because of the ⼠48 h minimum culture time required prior to analysis. Hence, there is a need for simple, and high throughput markers to identify exposed individuals in case of radiological/nuclear emergencies. In recent years, a few markers were identified, one being phosphorylated histone 2AX (γ-H2AX), which measured a nuclear foci or nuclear staining intensity that was found to be suitable for triage. Measurement of γ-H2AX foci formed at and around the sites of DNA double-strand breaks is a rapid and sensitive biodosimetry method which does not require culturing and is thus promising for the analysis of a large number of samples. In this review, we have summarized the recent developments of γ-H2AX assay in radiation triage and biodosimetry, focusing chiefly on: i) the importance of baseline frequency and reported values among different laboratories, ii) the influence of known and unknown variables on dose estimation, iii) quality assurance such as inter-laboratory comparison between scorers and scoring methods, and iv) current limitations and potential for future development.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Histonas
/
Triaje
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
Países Bajos