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Ampicillin pharmacokinetics in azotemic and healthy dogs.
Monaghan, Kelly N; Labato, Mary Anna; Papich, Mark G.
Afiliación
  • Monaghan KN; Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Veterinary Clinical Science, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Labato MA; Present address: Kelly N. Monaghan, Aspen Meadow Veterinary Specialists, 104 South Main Street, Longmont, CO, USA.
  • Papich MG; Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Veterinary Clinical Science, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA.
J Vet Intern Med ; 35(2): 987-992, 2021 Mar.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33474795
BACKGROUND: Little is known about effects of factors such as kidney disease, affecting ampicillin pharmacokinetics in dogs. OBJECTIVES: Determine the pharmacokinetics of ampicillin after a single intravenous dose in healthy and azotemic dogs. ANIMALS: Nine dogs presenting with acute kidney injury and 10 healthy dogs. METHODS: This was a prospective study. An ampicillin dose of 22.2 mg/kg (mean dose) was administered once intravenously. Blood samples were obtained at timed intervals (just before administration, 1, 2, 4, 12, and 24 hours), analyzed using high-pressure liquid chromatography followed by pharmacokinetic analysis of the plasma drug concentrations. RESULTS: Peak ampicillin concentration (mcg/mL; 97.07 (36.1) vs 21.3 (50.26)), P<.001 (geometric mean (coefficient of variation, CV%)), half-life (hours; 5.86 (56.55) vs 0.97 (115.3)), P<.001) and AUC (h × mcg/mL; 731.04 (83.75) vs 33.57 (53.68)), P<.001) were greater in azotemic dogs than in healthy dogs. Azotemic dogs also had significantly lower clearance (30.06 (84.19) vs 655.03 (53.67); mL/kg h, P < .001) and volume of distribution (253.95 (30.14) vs 916.93 (135.24); mL/kg, P <.001) compared to healthy dogs. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Increased drug concentrations and slower clearance of ampicillin in azotemic dogs could have clinical importance in contributing to antibiotic associated morbidity requiring indicating the need to adjust ampicillin dosing in dogs with decreased kidney function.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Ampicilina / Antibacterianos Tipo de estudio: Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: J Vet Intern Med Asunto de la revista: MEDICINA INTERNA / MEDICINA VETERINARIA Año: 2021 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
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PubMed Links
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Ampicilina / Antibacterianos Tipo de estudio: Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: J Vet Intern Med Asunto de la revista: MEDICINA INTERNA / MEDICINA VETERINARIA Año: 2021 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Estados Unidos